Ernesto Che Guevara's birthday
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Ernesto Guevara Lynch de la Cerna was born on June 14, 1928 in the Argentine city of Rosario. His parents were middle-class people: his father, Ernesto Guevara Lynch, of Irish descent, worked as a civil engineer, and his mother, Celia de la Serna, had Spanish roots. Ernesto was the oldest of five children raised in this family, which was distinguished by a penchant for liberal opinions and beliefs. He received the nickname “Che” (“friend”, “comrade”) after he met in Mexico with Fidel Castro, who was preparing a detachment for the landing in Cuba. He went down in history as Che Guevara. Che Guevara was born into a wealthy family, but this did not prevent him from becoming a fiery revolutionary.
Dreaming of a socialist world, Guevara became one of the leaders of the Cuban Revolution and helped bring Fidel Castro to power. After the overthrow of the Batista regime, relations between Che Guevara and Fidel Castro began to deteriorate rapidly.
As the victor of the revolutionary liberation war in Cuba, Guevara sincerely believed in the victory of communism in the world, considering it more progressive than capitalism. However, the fact that in the early 60s, unexpectedly for this “knight of the world revolution” appeared in Cuba – a sharp increase in the number of officials, an immeasurable increase in the administrative apparatus, bribery among hardened fighters of the Sierra Maestra – seriously worried Che. He has not lost faith in the success of the revolution. Comandante is thinking about how to reduce the impact of negative factors on society. The way out for him is to expand the social conflict, to connect new countries and regions suffering from “underdeveloped capitalism”.
The Latin American Revolution is Che’s goal. For her, he leaves friends, associates and family in Havana. He was convinced that the continent was ready to repeat the Cuban experience of armed struggle on a much larger scale. A victory would improve Cuba’s international standing and weaken the US position. And the romantic Ernesto believed that everything should start a person, both in theory and in practice, who knows guerrilla warfare. He had no better choice than himself.
After 14 March 1965 Che disappears from the political arena. The press conjectured: “What is fatally ill; Che fled Cuba by selling Havana military secrets for $10 million. Che has gone to China ...” In fact, Ernesto Che Guevara, having left state and party posts, renounced military rank and Cuban citizenship, again took up the carbine. According to some reports, in 1965. Che fought in the former Belgian Congo, supporting supporters of assassinated Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba. He may have traveled secretly to the Dominican Republic, Vietnam, or elsewhere. It was discovered again in November 1966 in Bolivia.
On the evening of November 7, 1966, Che Guevara (in Bolivia, he calls himself Ramon) makes the first entry in his diary, which he then keeps daily for 11 months, until the last fight. This diary is a mirror of the heroic and tragic route of his team: frightened peasants, agents of the special services who scoured the district, clashes with large forces of punishers thrown by the government to fight the guerrilla movement, the death of comrades, the betrayal of some and the cowardice of others. The Bolivian expedition becomes the last episode of Che’s life. Losing fighters, Che Guevara's detachment was ambushed in October 1967. Wounded Che is captured. The next day he and two of his comrades were shot in a school in the village of La Iguera.
Che Guevara remained in history "the last revolutionary of the XX century."
Ernesto Che Guevara's diary. October 7, 1967
“The eleven months since our arrival at Newcahuas have been without complications, almost idyllically. Everything was quiet until the first half, when at the gorge in which we camped, an old woman appeared, herding her goats. She did not say anything distinct about the soldiers, answering all our questions, that she did not know anything that she had not appeared in these places for a long time. The old lady was given 50 pesos and told not to tell anyone about us. But we have little hope that she will keep her promise.
The army gave a strange message that 250 soldiers were stationed in Serrano, blocking the way to 37 guerrillas, and that we were between the Asero and Oro rivers.
This recording, which was made between 2 and 4 a.m. on October 8, ends Ernesto Che Guevara’s Bolivian diary.