Balashikha

As of January 1, 2007, Balashikha is the largest city in the Moscow region by population. The population of Balashikha in 2007 was 184.9 thousand people.[2] The city is located on the Pehorka River (a tributary of the Moscow River), 4 km east of Moscow. Six stopping points of the railway (Gorenki Square and Art. Balashikha is the final point of the branch from Reutov, as well as four platforms on the main course of the Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod line. The main road arteries are the highway Enthusiastov (Gorkovskoye highway) and Shchelkovskoye highway. Balashikha is an ancient center of the textile industry (since the foundation of the city). Head of the city district Balashikha - Samodelov V.G. Chairman of the Council of Deputies of the city district Balashikha - Shestakov A.V. At the base of the name you can see the Russian dialect word

"Balach" means "Caltha palustris plant from the buttercup family". Balashikha is a village that arose in the place where the balls grew, or near it. Balakh was important in human life, as healers widely used it for treatment. Perhaps Balashikha is the nickname of the healer’s wife using ballah, or the wife of Balashov (Balash). The nickname Balash has been known to Russians since the XIV century. "Semen Balash" - Novgorod peasant, 1498 (Veselovsky, 1974). According to N. A. Baskakov, the surname Balash of Turkic origin is based on the Turkic "Bala" (child) and the restrainingly affectionate suffix - "s", which gives the word the meaning of "dittyatko, son" (Baskakov, 1979). The first mention of the village of Balashikha refers to the XVIII century. Balashikha was formed from former villages and estates, among the latter such as Gorenki and Pehra-Yakovlevskoye. Gorenka Estate was founded and belonged to princes Dolgoruky (1714"1747), Count A. G. Razumovsky. In the Soviet period, an orphanage was placed in it, then a sanatorium. In the XIX century in Balashikha was developed mainly cloth industry. In 1830, a cloth factory was built here on the Pehorka River, and in 1844 the cloth production was replaced by cotton spinning. In 1847, all the factory buildings burned down, and eventually stone buildings appeared in their place - a spinning body and a cloth factory. In 1868 the production of cloth was discontinued. In the late XIX - early XX century, a village began to form around the factory. In 1928 it was granted the status of a working settlement, since 1939 it became a city, a district center since 1965. There are several versions of the origin of the name of the city: Balashikha translated from Finnish dialects (on this land before the arrival of the Slavs lived Finno-Ugric peoples) means "place of celebration, games", or "joy, laughter" [4] Balash - a word of Eastern origin, means "inn"[source]. According to another version, Balash is the name of a Tatar merchant. Bloshino (Bloshiha) is the name of a small village located in the district. Balashikha - so called the widow of the miller Balash in the time of Prince N. I. Trubetsky. Among the natives of Balashikha are several Heroes of the Soviet Union. The center of Balashikha is located 6 kilometers from the Moscow ring road (the distance between the centers of Moscow and Balashikha is 21 kilometers). Balashikha, among other cities near Moscow, is part of the largest Moscow agglomeration in Russia - a set of cities and towns densely located around Moscow, united by strong economic ties. On the territory of the district there are: the former estate of Razumovsky Gorenki (now a children's sanatorium; the main building was built arch. A. A. Menelas in the second half of the XVIII century.) with a landscape park (previously the largest botanical garden in Russia was located here); near Balashikha - the former Golitsyn estate Pekhra-Yakovlevskoye with a rotunda church (1779"1785); Troitskoe-Kainardzhi, the former estate of General P. A. Rumyantsev; several Orthodox churches, including the Transfiguration Church in Balashikha; Historical Museum in the district center. In the city - 2 cinemas, 6 libraries, art gallery. Since 1931, the newspaper "Fact" has been published, and since 1996 the newspaper "Vladimirka" has been published, the city cable TV channel (the Balashikha information center) and the radio station "Shore of Hope" work. A large sports complex - "Balashiha Arena", which is the home ground for the HC MIA, was built.