Belaya Kalitva

White Kalitva is a city (since 1958) in Russia, the administrative center of the Belokalitvinsky district of the Rostov region. The city is located at the confluence of the Kalitva River in Seversky Donets, 168 km from Rostov-on-Don. The area at the intersection of four full-flowing rivers has been inhabited since ancient times: excavations, accidental finds indicate that people lived here 4,000 years ago. Discovered items related to the log culture of the Bronze Age. 30 years ago in one of the city courtyards were also found the remains of the burial and objects of the catacomb culture of the Bronze Age (2000 BC). According to a number of researchers, the battle of the Russians with the Polovtsy of 1185, sung by Boyan in the "Word of the regiment Igor" occurred between the rivers of Kalitva and Bystraya. Historian V. A. Afonsiev believed that the path of Igor’s army lay through the present Donbas and ended on the left bank of the Seversky Donets near Kalitva. Fast - then full - Kayala. Another researcher V. I. Streletsky believed that Kayala is Kalitva. The first Cossack settlement on the site of the present city appeared in 1703 by decree of Peter I. This date is officially considered the year of birth of the city of White Kalitva. After the formation of the Rostov region on September 13, 1937, it included the Belokalitvinsky district with the center in the village of Ust. The entire pre-revolutionary and current history of White Kalitva is connected with the Cossacks. In May 1918, the headquarters of the 5th and 3rd Ukrainian Red Armies under the command of K. E. Voroshilov was located in Ust. During the Great Patriotic War, White Kalitva was under occupation for six months. Its liberation took place in the zone of the Battle of Stalingrad. In that difficult time for the country and the city, 30 soldiers of eight nationalities under the command of Lieutenant Annaklych Atayev repeated the feat of the Panfilov squadron under White Kalitva and held it for more than a day. A. Atayev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union posthumously. In 1941, the village of Ust Belokalitvinskaya became known as the village of Belaya Kalitva, in 1958 the village received the status of a city, since 1959 - the status of a district center, since 1988 the city and Belokalitvinsky district (76 settlements) were a single territorial unit with a common administrative administration. Since January 1, 2006, White Kalitva became an independent municipal formation within the Belokalitvinsky district, at the same time being the district center and center of the Belokalitvinsky urban settlement. The city and district are located in the central part of the Rostov region, on the eastern end of the Donetsk Ridge, on the banks of the largest tributary of the Don - the Seversky Donets. The city itself stands at the mouth of the rivers Kalitva and Likhaya flowing into Donets. The right rocky bank of the Seversky Donets in the vicinity of the city has the highest mark of 148.8 m above sea level. The area of the territory of the Belokalitvinsk urban settlement is 16,495 hectares. The population as of January 1, 2007 - 47.3 thousand people. Today, the city's industry is represented by the production of the following types of products: aluminum rolled products, aluminum cookware, aluminum constructions, profiles, cornices, metals, straw millers, bricks, reinforced concrete products, corrugated cardboard, overalls, bakery products, poultry meat. The volume of shipped goods of own production in processing industries (2007) amounted to 7.86 billion rubles. In White Kalitva there is an Orthodox church built in the XIX century. One temple is being rebuilt and a new one is being built. On one of the hills located within the city, in 1970, the only monument in Russia was erected “The Word of Igor’s Regiment”. There is a municipal local history museum. The cultural life of the city is represented by the Palace of Culture, the House of Culture, the school of arts with branches, 6 libraries, 2 parks of culture and recreation, 51 teams of amateur art. Developed sports complex: The Palace of Sports with two swimming pools, 12 sports halls, two rowing bases, a chess club, four sports schools, including the Olympic reserve. At the rowing base, All-Russian competitions named after Hero of the Soviet Union B. I. Bykov are held. Health care of the city of White Kalitva is represented by the MUZ "CRB" with 4 polyclinics, city hospital, MUZ"Skin-veneralogical dispensary", MUZ"antituberculous dispensary", sanatorium-prophylaxis "Kayala". In the education of the city there are 12 preschool institutions: one primary, one basic educational school, 7 secondary schools, one rehabilitation center. On September 1, 2002, the White Kalitvinsky Matvey Platov cadet corps took over the cadets. There is a professional technical school, lyceum, polytechnic college and 4 branches of universities. In 2006, the Mariinsky Gymnasium - the women's department of the cadet corps began its work. Belokalitvinsk land gave Russia: Yevgeny Lvovna Kuzmin - the brightest person in the history of our country, 18 Heroes of the Soviet Union during the Great Patriotic War; three full cavaliers of the Order of Glory; two Heroes of Russia; ten Heroes of Socialist Labor; 29 laureates of State Prizes and Prizes of the Council of Ministers; five world champions in kayaking and canoeing, world champion in athletics, dozens of champions in Europe and Russia. More than 300 Belarusians were awarded the title of Honorary and Honored by professional affiliation. From White Kalitva came 40 doctors and candidates of science, famous writers, singers, actors, directors, musicians. The town-forming enterprise is the metallurgical plant of JSC "BKMPO" founded in 1941. In 1969, the plant for the first time in the world was mastered casting ingots in an electromagnetic crystallizer (the invention is patented in 17 countries). Specialists became laureates of the State Prize of the USSR. The first in the USSR plant mastered the production of Tefloned dishes. He participated in the construction projects of the aircraft "Ruslan" and the spacecraft "Buran" and received the Government Award - 1 1997 in the field of quality.