Buzuluk

Located in the Urals, on the river Samara (a tributary of the Volga), near the confluence of the Buzuluk river, 246 km north-west of Orenburg. Railway station.

To the north of Buzuluk, in the basin of the Borovka River, in the steppe zone, Buzuluksky Bor is located - an island massif of mainly pine forest (over 111 thousand hectares), one of the oldest centers of domestic forestry (in 1903 experimental forestry was founded, in 1932-51 - a reserve), where up to 180 species of animals and birds live.

Founded in 1736 by I.K. Kirillov as Buzulutsk fortress on the Samara River, near the mouth of the Buzuluk River.

Hydronym from the ancient Turkic Buzuluk "ice", which characterizes small rivers, full-flowing only during ice travel and melting snow. The etymology of the Turkic bouzau "calf" with the suffix of the presence of -fish in this case is considered as a later reinterpretation.

Later it was moved to the modern place, to the mouth of the Domashka River and Lake Bannoe. Since 1781, the county city of the Ufa governorship. In 1785 he was badly damaged by fire, after which the fortifications were not restored. With 1804 in the Orenburg province, with 1851 in the Samara province.

In the city there was a Bogoroditsky women's monastery. Near Buzuluk was the Transfiguration Monastery (founded in 1853), famous for the bells cast here.

Economy

Sewing, leather goods, gloves, furniture factories. 2 engineering plants. Enterprises of the oil and gas industry.

In Buzuluk district, wheat, rye, barley, buckwheat, oats, vegetable and melon crops are grown. Sheep are raised, cattle are raised.

Deposits of oil, gas, limestone, clay, gravel-sand mixtures.