Debes Museum of the History of the Siberian Tract

By the royal decree of 1817. It was ordered to establish stages in the locations of post stations - points for day and night stays of prisoners with the construction of special prison buildings. In Debossy, the construction of the prison was completed in 1822. The Debyos stage was the largest in the territory of Udmurtia, as it carried out convoying on two branches of the Siberian tract. 25 cavalrymen were attached to the stage, the stage was called a horse-stage prison.

The idea of the Debos stage is most fully given by the materials of the collection journals of the Sarapul district zemstvo for 1894. They note the presence in the village of Debesy of “barracks of lower ranks”, prison, two barns, “3 military booths”, woodcutter, powder cellar, bath and well. At the stage there was an infirmary for the convoy crew. All the buildings were surrounded by a high fence.

Two major events of the second half of the XIX century transformed life on the Siberian tract. The first was the invention of the telegraph, which weakened the importance of postal stations. The second is the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway, which put an end to the history of Siberian tract prisons - stages, since prisoners were sent to hard labor and exile by rail, stage prisons remained out of business. In 1894, the economy of the Debos stage was interested in the Sarapul district zemstvo government. After a long bargaining, the Zemstvo bought the prison building, and since 1896 a hospital began to operate in its place.

The building of the “barracks of lower ranks” has survived to our days. On November 29, 1989, the Executive Committee of the Debyossky District Council of People's Deputies of the Udmurt ASSR adopted a decision No. 38-256 "On the establishment of a museum complex in the village of Debyosy". Currently, there is a museum of the history of the Siberian tract, which is one of the sights of the village and has the status of a monument of regional importance.