Krasnoturyinsk is a city of regional subordination in the Sverdlovsk region of Russia. Large industrial and cultural center of the Northern Urals. City-forming enterprise - Theological aluminum plant. It was transformed into a city in 1944 from the village of Turinsky mines.
The population is 62.6 thousand inhabitants (2006).
Located on the eastern slope of the Northern Urals, on the Turya River, 3 km from the Vorontsovka railway station, 426 km north of Yekaterinburg.
History
On October 6, 1758, construction of the first copper mine, Vasilievsky, began on the banks of the Turya River. The owner of the mine was the merchant Maxim Pokhodyashin. In addition to Vasilievsky, soon the construction of other mines belonging to the merchant began: Nikolaevsky, Pershinsky, Suhodoysky, Frolovsky. Together, these mines, as well as the mining settlement formed on their basis, were called "Turinsky mines".
Since 1800, iron ore deposits were developed in the area, gold mining began in 1823 (the Turin mines had one of the richest groups of placers). In 1833, a narrow-gauge railway was built, connecting the mine with the Bogoslovsk Plant (now the city of Karpinsk). The second branch of narrow gauge (1886) connected it with Nadezhdinsky (now the city of Serov).
During the Civil War, a copper smelting plant in Bogoslovsk was destroyed, and copper mines were flooded. Their restoration and reconstruction began in 1930. In 1934, Frolovskiy, and later Bashmakovsky, Bogoslovskiy, Nikitsky and Vasilievsky mines earned. In the 1930s, deposits of refractory clays were discovered.
In 1931, a bauxite deposit was discovered. On November 27, 1940, Glalauminy approved a site for the construction of a plant near the village of Turinsky mines and gave it the name - Theological Aluminum Plant (BAZ). Here in the first months of the war was evacuated equipment dismantled at the Tikhvin alumina, Volkhov and Dnepropetrovsk aluminum plants. The first aluminum was given by the Theological Plant on May 9, 1945.
On November 27, 1944, the village of Turinsky mines was transformed into a city of regional subordination, which was given the name Krasnoturinsk.
In fact, Krasnoturinsk and BAZ were created by the hands of prisoners of the Theology – the “correctional” institution of the NKVD. The prisoners were dekulakized peasants and ethnic Germans of the Volga region, mobilized during the war in the labor army. The death rate on construction was huge: of the fifteen thousand German workers, according to the lowest estimates, about 20% died [http://www.rosbalt.ru/2007/07/25/300007.html The city of the St. Petersburg parallel: sketches from nature. Rosbalt] : In a city on the banks of the Krasnoturinsky reservoir, a monument has been erected to the ethnic Germans who died during construction.
Name of town
The name of the city came after much controversy. The neighboring cities (Serov, Karpinsk) have already been renamed in honor of the famous countrymen who were born in the Turin mines. Turin mines were proposed to be named in honor of the inventor of radio Popovsky, but in the years of Soviet atheism, the name caused fears among the local city committee of the CPSU. The option to keep the former name "Turinsky mines" was rejected. As a result, the popular adjective “red” was added to the name of the river “Turya”, which flows within the city. Today, part of the "red" in the name of the city is interpreted as meaning "beautiful city" and has lost its former "revolutionary" meaning.
Geography
The city is located at the bend of the Turya River. The distance to Yekaterinburg is 426 km, to Moscow - 2079 km. 9 km west of Krasnoturinsk is the city of Karpinsk, north of the city are the cities of Volchansk, Severouralsk, Ivdel. In 14 km from the border of the municipality "the city of Krasnoturinsk", in the south-east, the city of Serov is located.
Interesting facts
Krasnoturinsk is called “little Leningrad” for its unique appearance in the Empire style. The city was designed during the war by Leningrad architects. The central square of the city has similar features to the Palace Square of St. Petersburg: it is semicircular in shape and along its perimeter there are arc-shaped buildings of the city administration, the Krasnoturinsky Industrial College and the city dormitory.
