Nalchik

Nalchik is a city in the Russian Federation, the administrative center of Kabardino-Balkaria. The city is located in the foothills of the Greater Caucasus (at an altitude of about 500 m), on the Nalchik River (Terek Basin), 1873 km south of Moscow. The city has a railway station and an airport.

The population is 239,583 (2020).

In Nalchik there are: university, dramatic and musical theaters, philharmonic, local history museum, fine arts.

In 1743, on the site of the modern city, the village of Toglans was founded, which by 1808 turned into the administrative and political center of Kabardy, the residence of the Kabardian princes. In 1822, the Russian fortress Nalchik was built here.

In 1838, a military settlement arose at the fortress, which in 1871 was transformed into a settlement and became the center of the Nalchik district of the Terek region. The name of the city is hydronym, given by the river of the same name. Translated from Balkar and Kabardino-Circassian, "Nalchik" means "little horseshoe". The status of the city of Nalchik received in 1921. In 1922, the city became the center of the Kabardino-Balkar Autonomous Region, in 1936-1991 it was the capital of the Kabardino-Balkar ASSR, since 1991 - the capital of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic.

The modern city is immersed in the greenery of parks and squares, flower beds and flower beds are everywhere. The main city park, merging with the surrounding forests, is considered one of the largest park complexes in Europe. There are 156 species of trees and shrubs in the park. There is a whole system of flowing artificial reservoirs. At the service of vacationers zoo, attractions, cafes and restaurants. With the help of cable cars from the park you can get to Small (600 m) and Big Kizilovka (750 m).

Archaeological monuments have been preserved on the territory of Nalchik. These are the Nalchik burial ground dating back to the second half of the second millennium BC, the Agubekov site dating from the beginning of the third millennium BC, and the Dolinsk settlement that arose in the second millennium BC.

On the outskirts of the city, in the area of Dolinsk, there is a balneological and mountain climatic resort. The main part of the resort is occupied by a forest park of conifers and hardwoods.

In 8 km from Nalchik there are Belorechensk mineral springs. Mineral water is used for external and internal treatment of patients with diseases of the stomach and intestines. Medical and table water "Nalchik-1" and "Nalchik-2" are popular.

For mud treatment in the resort of Nalchik used silt mud Tambukan lake, located near Pyatigorsk.