State Natural Biosphere Reserve "Barguzinsky"

At the beginning of the XX century, the Barguzin sable, once inhabited a huge territory from the Northern Urals to Kamchatka and Sakhalin, began to disappear as a result of intensive hunting, only in hard-to-reach places there were several dozen individuals. There was a need to create sable reserves. One of the first was organized Barguzinsky reserve.

In the 30s, the reserve from the target (protection and restoration of the sable population) becomes complex.
The environmental value of the territory of the Barguzinsky Reserve is determined primarily by its species and biotopic diversity, the presence of rare and vulnerable species of plants and animals, including relics of the tertiary period, typical and unique natural communities. For their preservation, a regime of special protection of the reserve territory has been established, providing for the prohibition of any activity that contradicts the tasks of the reserve.

The regime of special protection of the reserve territory ensured the restoration of the sable population and minimal indicators of the level of pollution of natural environments, as a result of which the territory of the reserve is background and can serve as a reference for the Baikal region.

Since 2009, the Barguzinsky Reserve has been assigned the functions of protecting the territory of the state natural reserve of federal significance Frolikhinsky.

The reserve has a common border with the Trans-Baikal National Park.

The history of the Barguzinsky Reserve begins in 1914, with the organization and beginning of the first sable expedition on the northeastern coast of the lakes. Baikal (Barguzin expedition led by G. G. Doppelmair), in accordance with the program for the preservation of the valuable fur beast from destruction. The program is presented in the “Project survey of sable areas of Russia in 1913-1915” and “Project study of sable as an object of fishing and survey of sable commercial areas of Russia”.

In 1915, construction of guard houses on the coast of the bay in Sosnovka and a nursery for sables began.
As a result of the research, the Resolution of the Irkutsk Governor-General of May 17, 1916 pre-established the Barguzin Sable Reserve and the state hunting area with it.

On January 20, 1917, the Barguzinsky, Trans-Baikal region, hunting reserve was established (Collection of Laws and Orders of the Government, published under the Government Senate, dated January 20, 1917 No. 18).

After the October Revolution of 1917, the reserve passed into the jurisdiction of various organizations, so in 1921 it was subordinated to the Central Directorate of Fisheries Protection, in 1923 it goes into the jurisdiction of the People’s Commissariat of Buryat-Mongolian ASSR, and from 01.08.1924 it is transferred to the system of the People’s Commissariat of the RSFSR, after which the Resolution of the Council of People’s Commissars of the RSFSR dated 04.01.1926 No. 1 on the creation of the Barguzin State Sable Reserve on the territory of the previously existing Barguzinsky hunting reserve with a scientific and fishing area. At this time, the reserve is subordinate to the East Siberian Animal Plant.

In the 30-ies of the XX century, the initial goal: the restoration of the number of Barguzin sable, achieved.
Since 1936, the Nature Chronicle has been conducted in the reserve.

In 1938, the Barguzin State Sable Reserve was transferred to the Committee for Reserves, Zoos and Zoos under the SNK of the RSFSR.

Since March 1940, the Barguzin State Reserve has been subordinated to the Main Directorate for Reserves, Zoos and Zoos under the SM RSFSR (formerly the Committee).

Since 1941, constant studies of the entire natural complex of the reserve have been carried out, the first scientific works have been published since 1948.

In 1946, a village and the central manor of the reserve were built on the coast of Davshe Bay.

After the liquidation of the Main Directorate of the SM RSFSR of 10.10.1951 No. 1085 Barguzin State Reserve (the name disappears the word "sable") goes under the jurisdiction of the Main Directorate for Reserves under the USSR SM from 01.01.1952.

In 1953, the reserve goes under the subordination of the Department for Reserves of the Ministry of Agriculture and Procurements of the USSR on the basis of the Resolution of the USSR Council of Ministers No. 920 of 27.03.1953, at the end of the year by the Decree of the USSR Council of Ministers of 07.12.1953 No. 2895 the reserve was transferred to the Main Directorate of Hunting and Reserves under the RSFSR. In the same year, the nature museum begins to work in the reserve.

By the order of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR of 10.04.1958 No. 1798-r the area of the reserve was increased - a three-kilometer strip of the water area of the lakes was included in the protected area. Baikal (15 thousand hectares), adjacent to the coast of the reserve.

By the decision of the Presidium of the International Coordination Council of the Man and the Biosphere Program on May 23, 1986, the Barguzin State Reserve was awarded the status of a biosphere reserve (UNESCO, MAB International Committee). The reserve is included in the international network of biosphere reserves (Certificate of February 15, 1993).

By the order of the Council of Ministers of the Buryat ASSR of 11.06.1987 No. 320-r Barguzin State Reserve was transformed into the Barguzin Biosphere State Reserve, a biosphere polygon of the reserve was formed on an area of 111146 ha. Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Buryat ASSR of 12.06.1989 No. 119 changed the boundaries of the biosphere polygon of the reserve and approved the Regulations on the biosphere polygon of the Barguzin Biosphere State Reserve. By the order of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR of 13.10.1989 No. 927-r, the area of the plot of 111146 hectares was attached to the reserve.

Decree of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of 14.03.1995 The Barguzin State Biosphere Reserve was transformed into the Barguzin State Nature Reserve.

In 1996, the Barguzinsky Reserve was included in the World Heritage List as part of the Lake Baikal facility.
In 1997, the reserve was renamed the State Natural Biosphere Reserve "Barguzinsky", in 2011 by the Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia dated 21.07.2011 No. 644 the reserve was renamed the "Barguzin State Natural Biosphere Reserve".