Independent travel and view of the city of Chanakkale! History of Çanakkale Çanakkale is one of the most impor...
Çanakkale is one of the most important historical centers of Turkey, located on the Asian shore of the Dardanelles Strait, connecting the Sea of Marmara with the Aegean. Its history covers more than five thousand years, including antiquity, the Byzantine and Ottoman eras, as well as the most important events of the XX century. Below is a detailed historical overview of the eras.
I. Ancient history and antiquity
1. Troy (circa 3000–1200 BC)
On the territory of modern Chanakkale and its environs was one of the most famous cities of antiquity - Troy (Ilion).
Troy, discovered by archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann in the nineteenth century, was an important trading and strategic center controlling the passage between the Aegean and Black Seas.
It was here, according to Homer's Iliad, that the events of the Trojan War took place - the mythical siege of the city by the Achaeans led by Achilles, Odysseus and Agamemnon.
Modern excavations have shown that there were at least 9 cultural layers on the site of Troy, reflecting the change of civilizations from the Bronze Age to the Roman era.
II. The Age of Greeks and Romans
After the destruction of Troy, the region has not lost its importance.
In the VIII-VI centuries BC, Greek colonies appeared here, including Sestos and Abydos, located on opposite banks of the Dardanelles.
These cities controlled the sea route from the Aegean to the Black Sea, making them strategically and economically important.
The Legend of Hero and Leandre
According to ancient Greek myth, the priestess Aphrodite Hero lived in the city of Sest, and the young man Leander swam across the Dardanelles every night to meet her. This myth is a symbol of the romantic tragedy associated with the strait.
Roman era
After the inclusion of the region into the Roman Empire in the first century BC, it received calm and development:
Roads, temples and fortifications were built.
The region became part of the province of Asia, and the strait was controlled by the Roman Navy.
III. Byzantine period (IV-XIV centuries).
After the division of the Roman Empire, the Dardanelles became part of Byzantium.
The strait was of strategic importance, guarding the approaches to Constantinople.
On its banks were built fortresses and watchtowers.
The region suffered from raids by barbarians, Arabs and later Seljuks.
The Ottoman era (XIV-XIX centuries)
Conquest and development
The Ottomans first crossed the Dardanelles in this region - in 1354, occupying Gallipoli (Gelibolu), which was the beginning of the Ottoman expansion into Europe.
The city of Çanakkale originated as a settlement around the Kale-i Sultaniye fortress, built by Sultan Mehmed II (Conqueror) in 1462.
The name Çanakkale comes from the Turkish words “çanak” (clay vessel) and “kale” (fortress), as the region was famous for producing ceramics and amphorae.
Strategic role
During the Ottoman era, the city became an important port and military base for the defense of the Dardanelles.
Duties were levied from passing ships, and the fortresses of Chimenlik and Kilitbahir stood on opposite shores of the strait, guarding it.
V. XX century - World War I and the Battle of Gallipoli (1915)
This is one of the most dramatic periods in the history of Chanakkale.
Gallipoli Campaign
Allied forces (Britain, France, Australia and New Zealand – ANZAC troops) tried to break through the defenses of the Dardanelles to capture Constantinople and lead the Ottoman Empire out of the war.
From March to December 1915 there were fierce battles at Gallipoli (Çanakkale Savaşı).
The Ottoman army under the command of Mustafa Kemal (the future Atatürk) repelled the offensive, inflicting a heavy defeat on the Allies.
The victory at Çanakkale was a symbol of Turkish patriotism and an important step towards the establishment of the Turkish Republic.
VI. Modern History (XX-XXI centuries)
After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the War of Independence (1919-1923), Çanakkale became part of the Republic of Turkey.
The city developed as a port, a tourist center and a symbol of national pride.
Today it is known as the gateway to Troy and as a place of remembrance for the fallen soldiers of all sides who participated in the Battle of Gallipoli.
In 2018, the Troy Museum was opened here, and in 2022 – the grandiose bridge “Chanakkale 1915”, connecting Asia and Europe through the Dardanelles (the longest suspension bridge in the world).
On the banks of the shiny waters of the Dardanelles Strait, where Asia extends its hand to Europe, is the charming and historic city of Çanakkale. It is a place where ancient legends come to life amid the lively promenades, the aromas of Turkish coffee and the sounds of the sea wind. Canakkale is not just a city, but the embodiment of the Turkish soul, where the past and the present are intertwined in harmony.
1. A city with a legendary history
The main pride of the region is ancient Troy, just 30 kilometers from the city center. Visitors can see the ruins of ancient walls, a gate with nine cultural layers and a giant Trojan horse, presented to the city by the film crew of the film Troy with Brad Pitt. Nearby is the modern Museum of Troy, recognized as one of the best archaeological museums in Turkey, where exhibits and interactive installations immerse in the millennial history of the region.
2. Traces of Heroism: Gallipoli and Memory
For lovers of military history, Chanakkale is a place of real pilgrimage. On the Gallipoli Peninsula (Gelibolu) there are dozens of memorials, museums and cemeteries dedicated to the heroes of the First World War.
The Turkish memorial to Çanakkale Şehitligi impresses with its scale and strength of spirit.
The ANZAC and Lone Pine memorials commemorate international brotherhood and the price of peace. Visiting these places is a touching but inspiring experience that helps to understand the resilience and mutual respect between peoples.
3. Nature and recreation by the sea
Chanakkale is famous for its pure nature and peaceful atmosphere.
The coasts of the Aegean Sea offer cozy beaches, especially in the areas of Asos (Behramkale) and Bozjaada - a picturesque island with vineyards and old houses.
Nature lovers can go to Gallipoli National Park, where picturesque hills, coves and pine forests are preserved.
And for those who are looking for privacy – the island of Goekcheada, the largest island of Turkey, with the atmosphere of ancient Greek villages and crystal clear beaches.
4. Taste of the Aegean coast
Chanakkale is a gourmet paradise. The region is famous for fresh seafood, olive oil, homemade wines and honey desserts. You should definitely try:
Mussels with rice (midye dolma),
grilled fish from the Aegean,
Bozjaada wines are islands where winemaking traditions date back thousands of years.
On the Çimenlik promenade, you can dine while admiring the sunset over the Dardanelles - a sight that is impossible to forget.
5. The city's charm
The Canakkale Center is a cozy street where ancient Ottoman houses coexist with cafes, art galleries and craft shops.
The clock tower (Saat Kulesi) and the waterfront with a lighthouse are favorite places to walk.
In the port you can see a copy of the Trojan horse, and next to it is a maritime museum, where ship artifacts, cannons and ancient maps are exhibited.
In the evening, the city comes alive - live music plays, terraces with sea views open, and the atmosphere is saturated with cordiality and lightness.
6. The symbol of modernity is the bridge “1915 Çanakkale”.
Opened in 2022, this bridge connects the Asian and European shores of the Dardanelles and became the longest suspension bridge in the world (the main span is 2023 meters, symbolizing the year of the founding of the Republic of Turkey). A walk through the observation decks opens up stunning panoramas of the strait, especially at sunset.
7. Atmosphere and impressions
Chanakkale is a city of contrasts:
Here you can wake up to the cries of gulls, drink strong Turkish tea at the pier,
And then I went to the legends of Troy.
In the evening, to meet the sunset by ferry, watching the sun sink in the water between Asia and Europe.
It is a place for those looking for history without boredom, nature without fuss and Turkey without crowds. Chanakkale does not cry out for himself - he charms quietly, sincerely and forever.
1. Premium level (4-5★)
For whom: travelers who appreciate comfort, service and location by the sea. Features: swimming pool, restaurant, spa, fitness, breakfast included, excellent location. Average price: 120 to 200 euros per night.
Example: DoubleTree by Hilton Çanakkale (★★★★★★★★★★)
Address: Barbaros, Atatürk Cd. No:306
Price: About $155/night
Rating: 4.5/5
Location: right by the Dardanelles, near the center.
Facilities: indoor and outdoor pool, spa, fitness room, restaurant with sea views.
Reviews: note the high level of service and excellent breakfast.
2. Medium level (3-4 ★)
Tourists looking for a balance between comfort and price. Features: private bathroom, air conditioning, breakfast, central location. Average price: 60-90 €/night.
Example: Parion Hotel (★★★★★★★)
Address: İsmetpaşa, Demircioğlu Cd. No:130
Price: About $75/night
Rating: 4.2/5
Location: near the port and the main attractions.
Facilities: pool, sauna, fitness, bar, good breakfast.
Guests praise the cleanliness and tranquility, but note that the hotel is a bit of a "business style."
3. Budget level (1-2 ★, boarding houses, mini-hotels)
For whom: Economy tourists and travelers, spending a minimum of time in the hotel. Features: simple rooms, a common bathroom, basic comfort is possible. Average price: 25-45 €/night.
Example: NR1 Hotel
Address: İsmetpaşa, Stadyum Çk. Sk. No:8/1
Price: about 33 €/night
Rating: 4.8/5
Facilities: air conditioning, Wi-Fi, breakfast, minibar, parking.
Atmosphere: small family hotel, staff very responsive.
Students and travelers with a limited budget are often chosen.
4. Alternative options (boarding houses, guest houses, apartments, hostels)
For whom: backpackers, couples, families or those who want to live “at home”. Features: more coziness, less formality; kitchen, common areas. Average price: 20-40 €/night.
Example: Moonlight (Ay Işığı) Pansiyon
Address: Kemalpasha, Fetvane Sk. No:6/2
Price: about 33 €/night
Rating: 4.2/5
Format: guest house, in the old quarter, 5 minutes walk to the embankment.
Facilities: common kitchen, terrace, Wi-Fi, air conditioning.
Reviews: Cozy homely atmosphere, ideal for short stops.
5. Apartments and rentals
For whom: families, groups of friends, those who prefer to cook themselves. Features: own kitchen, space, often sea views. Average price: 40-90 €/night (depending on season and area).
Example: Konak Sea View Apartments
District: Kepez, off the coast
Price: around 60–70 €/night
Rating: 4.7/5
Amenities: kitchen, washing machine, balcony with sea view, Wi-Fi, parking.
Often choose families with children and travelers by car.
Çanakkale is a city located on the northwest coast of Turkey, in the province of Çanakkale. It is known for its historical monuments, natural beauty and strategic location along the Dardanelles Strait.
1. Troy (Truva)
The ancient city, which became legendary thanks to the epic of Homer.
Transport: It is located about 30 km from Chanakkale. You can get there by bus between the city and Troy, or by taxi.
Council: It is recommended to take a taxi or rent a car for ease of movement.
2. Çanakkale Archaeological Museum
A museum dedicated to the archaeological finds of the region, including artifacts from Troy and other ancient settlements.
Transport: Located in the city center, accessible on foot or by taxi.
3. Cimenlik Castle (Çimenlik Castle)
Description: Ottoman fortress, located on the embankment, with a museum and an observation deck.
Transport: It is located in the city center, accessible on foot or by taxi.
4. Çanakkale Martyrs' Memorial
Monument dedicated to the Turkish soldiers who died in the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915.
Transport: Located in the Gallipoli area, about 30 km from the city. Available by bus, taxi or rented cars.
5. Çanakkale Naval Museum (Chanakkale Naval Museum)
Description: A museum dedicated to the history of the Turkish Navy, with exhibits including historical ships and artifacts.
Transport: Located near Chimenlik Fortress, accessible on foot or by taxi.
6. 1915 Çanakkale Bridge (1915 Çanakkale Bridge)
The longest suspension bridge in the world, connecting the European and Asian parts of Turkey through the Dardanelles.
Transport: The bridge is part of a motorway and is accessible to cars.
Transport accessibility
Bus: There are regular buses between Çanakkale and major attractions such as Troy and Gallipoli.
Taxis: Available 24/7, especially in the city centre. It is recommended to specify the cost of the trip in advance.
Car rental: Offered in the city, which allows you to flexibly plan routes and visit remote attractions.
Ferries: Connect Çanakkale with the islands of Bozjaad and Gökçeada, as well as with the mainland of Turkey.
Chanakkale is a city where culture and history are intertwined with natural beauty, especially during the different seasons of the year. It hosts numerous festivals, commemorative events and cultural events reflecting the rich heritage of the region.
March 18 – Çanakkale Zaferi Day
A national holiday commemorating the victory of the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Chanakkale in 1915. Ceremonies, wreath-laying and commemorative events are held, including the participation of dignitaries such as Princess Anne of Great Britain, the Prime Minister of New Zealand and the Governor-General of Australia, who attended the 110th anniversary ceremony in April 2025.
Troya Folk Dance and Music Festival (Troya Folk Dance and Music Festival)
From 7 to 11 July 2025. The festival gathers folklore and choral groups, orchestras and children's groups from all over the world. Participants showcase their cultures through dance, music and national costumes in the centre of Çanakkale.
Troya Folk Dance and Music Festival (Troya Folk Dance and Music Festival)
From 18 to 22 August 2025. The fifth festival continues the tradition of cultural exchange and friendship between peoples through music and dance.
VIII International Festival of Folk Dance and Music Chanakkale
From August 28 to September 1, 2025. The purpose of the festival is to present the cultural traditions of different countries and provide the opportunity for participants to meet, establish friendships and present their culture through dance and music.
Troya Folk Dance and Music Festival (Troya Folk Dance and Music Festival)
From 27 to 31 October 2025. The sixth festival provides an opportunity for different groups from different countries to come together to express their culture and nation through dance, music and interesting national costumes.
Gallipoli Triathlon Challenge
An annual triathlon competition held on the historic Gelibolu Peninsula in Çanakkale. In 2025, 538 athletes from 18 countries took part in the event. The competition includes swimming, cycling and running, taking place in picturesque locations related to the history of the First World War.
Çanakkale is located on the northwestern coast of Turkey, on the shores of the Aegean Sea and the Dardanelles Strait. The climate here is Mediterranean with humid winters and hot summers, but thanks to the sea it is slightly milder than in the interior of the country.
1. Spring (March-May)
Air temperature:
March: +10... +15 °C
April: +13... +20 °C
May: +18...+25 °C
Water temperature:
March: About 13 °C
May: About 18 °C
Features:
The weather gradually becomes warm, the days are longer, nature blossoms.
Sometimes it can rain in March-April.
Recommendations:
Great time for excursions and sightseeing of historical monuments such as Troy and Kilitbahir Castle.
The sea is still cool for swimming, but the beaches are empty, which is convenient for a relaxing holiday.
2. Summer (June - August)
Air temperature:
June: +22...+28 °C
July: +25...+32 °C
August: +25...+33 °C
Water temperature:
June: about 22 °C
July: 24...26 °C
August: 25...27 °C
Features:
Hot and sunny weather, minimal rainfall.
Active tourist season, many festivals, concerts and cultural events.
Recommendations:
Ideal for beach holidays, sea walks, festivals and nightlife.
It is recommended to take sunscreen and light clothing.
3. Autumn (September-November)
Air temperature:
September: +20 ... +28 °C
October: +15 ... +22 °C
November: +10... +16 °C
Water temperature:
September: around 24°C
October: 21...22 °C
November: around 18°C
Features:
Still warm weather in September-October, the sea is comfortable for swimming.
There are fewer tourists, housing prices are lower, a calm atmosphere.
Recommendations:
A great period for cultural tourism, sightseeing, hiking and walking.
October is especially good for participation in folk dance and music festivals.
4. Winter (December to February)
Air temperature: +5... +12 °C
Water temperature: 13...15 °C
Features:
Rain and cool weather.
The tourist flow is minimal, most beach activities are closed.
Recommendations:
At this time it is better to visit historical sites and museums.
Winter is not suitable for beach holidays and swimming.
Language of communication
Official language: Turkish.
Popular foreign languages:
English is often understood in tourist areas.
Sometimes German and Russian are found, especially in excursion groups.
Council:
It is useful to learn basic phrases in Turkish, for example: greeting, “thank you”, “how much it costs”, “where is the toilet”.
Tourists appreciate respect for the country's language, even the simple "Teşekkür ederim" ("Thank you") improves local attitudes.
Traditions and customs
Greetings and addresses
The greeting is often accompanied by a slight bow of the head or a handshake.
Addressing seniors or people at official events should be polite.
Clothing and appearance
In urban and tourist areas there is no strict dress code.
When visiting mosques:
shoulders and knees should be closed.
Women can wear a headscarf;
The shoes are removed at the entrance.
Etiquette in public places
Do not talk loudly in public transport or places of rest.
In restaurants and cafes it is customary to thank the staff when leaving.
Photography.
Always ask permission before photographing locals, especially in rural areas.
Photography is prohibited or restricted in some historical places and museums.
Public and religious holidays
During Islamic holidays (e.g. Ramadan), respect traditions: some restaurants may operate on reduced schedules, and public consumption of alcohol and food during the day is limited.
Laws and regulations
Alcohol and tobacco
Allowed alcohol consumption: only in licensed establishments.
Smoking is prohibited in closed public places, transport, schools and hospitals.
Documents and visas
To enter Turkey, most tourists need an electronic visa (e-Visa) or a visa if there are agreements between countries.
Always carry a passport or a copy of the document.
Transport and traffic
Turkish traffic rules are strictly enforced.
Pedestrians are advised to cross the road at a green light, and tourists are advised to be attentive to traffic.
Culture and behaviour
Insulting national symbols, religion or person may result in fines or even criminal liability.
Respect tradition when visiting mosques and historical monuments.
Greetings and polite expressions
Merhaba (Merhaba) - Hello / Hello
Günaydın (Gunaydın) - Good morning
İyi akşamlar (Iyi Akşamlar) - Good evening
Hoşça kal (Hoshcha kal) - Goodbye (says the remainder)
Güle güle (Güle Güle) - Goodbye (says the departing)
Teşekkür ederim (Tesekkür ederim) - Thank you
Rica Ederim – Please (in response to “thank you”)
Affedersiniz (Afedersiniz) – Sorry / Sorry (address to a stranger)
Özür dilerim (Ozur Dillerim) - Excuse me / Sorry
General phrases for travel
Nerede? (Narede) - Where?
Tuvalet nerede? (Tuvalet Nerede) - Where's the toilet?
Ne kadar? (Ne Kadar) - How much is it?
Yardım edebilir misiniz? (Yard Edabilere Misiniz?) - Can you help?
Anlamıyorum - I don't understand
İngilizce konuşuyor musunuz? (Ingilisje conushoyur musunuz?) - Do you speak English?
Su lütfen (Su Lutfen) - Water, please
Menü alabilir miyim? (Alabilir miyim?) - Can I have the menu?
Transportation.
Otobüs durağı nerede? (Otubus duraga narede?) - Where's the bus stop?
Taksi çağırabilir misiniz? (Taxi tea fisher misiniz?) - Can you call a taxi?
Bir bilet, lütfen - One ticket, please
Ne kadar sürer? (Ne kadar surer?) - How long will it take?
Sol / Sağ (Sol / Sag) - Left / Right
In shops and markets
Ne önerirsiniz? (Ne oneirsiniz?) - What would you recommend?
Daha ucuz olabilir mi? (Daha uchuz olabilir mi?) - Can it be cheaper?
Bakar mısınız? (Bakar Mysiniz?) - Take a look, please.
Alıyorum (Alyorum) - I take
Hediye paketleyebilir misiniz? (Hediye Paktleyebilir Misiniz?) - Can you pack as a gift?
Restaurant and café
Hesap lütfen (Hesap Lutfen) - Account, please
Ne tavsiye edersiniz? (Ne tavsie edersiniz?) - What do you recommend?
Acı mi? - Is that sharp?
Tatlı mi? - Is that sweet?
İçecek (Ijejek) - Drink
Emergency situations
Yardim! (Yardy!) - Help me!
Polis (Policy) - Police
Doktor (Doctor) - Doctor
Kayboldum - I'm lost
Hastane nerede? (Hastane Nerede?) - Where's the hospital?
Food and drink
Olive oil and olives
Canakkale is famous for quality olives and olive oil of the first press.
Good for health, can be used for cooking or cosmetics.
Honey and bee products
Honey from local herbs and plants is especially useful for colds.
Often sell also propolis, beeswax, royal jelly.
Traditional sweets
Lucum (lokum) - soft sweets with different flavors, nuts or fruits.
Turkish halva (helva) is a sesame sweet, there are different types.
Seafood and pickles
Dried fish, salt mussels and other seafood.
Pickles are made of vegetables and herbs, often in olive oil.
Herbal teas and spices
Teas from local herbs that help digestion and soothe.
Popular rosemary, thyme, mint, sage.
Medical and health-improving products
Herbal mixtures and oils
Essential oils: olive, laurel, rosemary, mint.
Herbal infusions to strengthen immunity.
Propolis and bee products
Propolis is often used to prevent colds.
Royal jelly and bee honey are natural vitamins.
Salt and marine products
Small sea salt for cosmetic and culinary purposes.
Mineral mud or cosmetic salts from the Aegean.
Souvenirs and gifts
Handicrafts
Ceramics and pottery with local ornaments.
Wooden and metal souvenirs with motifs of Troy.
Textiles
Shawls, handkerchiefs, handmade towels.
Linen and cotton products with traditional patterns.
Amulets and ornaments
Turkish "Nazar" (eye from the evil eye) is a popular souvenir and amulet.
Jewelry with local motifs: bronze, copper, silver.
Historical souvenirs
Replicas of objects from Troy: coins, figures, amphorae.
Books and postcards with the history of the city and archaeological excavations.
Safety of rest
General security: Chanakkale is considered a relatively safe city for tourists. The crime rate is low, but as in any tourist destination, basic precautions should be followed:
Do not leave valuables unattended.
Keep your passport, money and cards in a safe place.
Do not carry large amounts of cash.
Be careful on the beaches and when walking in low-light areas in the evening.
Road safety:
Drivers in Turkey may not always be attentive, especially on narrow streets.
Pedestrians are advised to cross the road strictly on the crossing and on a green light.
Medical safety:
There are public and private hospitals in the city.
Medical standards are good, but travel insurance is mandatory.
Documents required
Passport valid for at least 6 months.
Visa:
Citizens of most countries need an electronic visa (e-Visa) or a visa upon entry.
For Russia, Ukraine and most European countries, a tourist visa is valid for up to 90 days within 180 days (details depend on the country).
Tickets and reservations (may be required at the border).
Health insurance, preferably with COVID-19 coverage and emergency hospitalization.
Emergency services
Police: 155
Ambulance: 112
Fire service: 110
Road assistance: 118
Embassy/Consulate of your country – Contacts should be recorded in advance.
Mobile communications
Turkish mobile networks are well caught in Çanakkale.
Main operators:
Turkcell
Vodafone Türkiye
Türk Telekom (Avea)
SIM card is easy to buy in shops or kiosks, you need a passport to connect.
Roaming of foreign operators also works, but it is more profitable to buy a local SIM card for the Internet and calls.
Term of stay
Tourists from most countries can stay in Turkey without leaving: up to 90 days within 180 days.
The validity of the visa depends on the citizenship and type of visa (tourist, e-Visa).
Exceeding the period of stay is punishable by a fine and a ban on subsequent visits.
Create a query and local guides will offer you the best options
