Independent travel and view of the city of Shiraz History of Shiraz Ancient history Shiraz is one of the oldes...
Ancient history
Shiraz is one of the oldest cities in Iran and has a history of over 4,000 years. The first mention of settlements on the site of modern Shiraz dates back to the VII-VI centuries BC, when there were small settlements of Elamites here.
In ancient times, the city was part of the Elamite kingdom and later part of various Persian empires, including the Achaemenids.
Thanks to the fertile valley of the Kahruan River, Shiraz became an important agricultural center with the cultivation of grapes, citrus fruits and roses.
Middle Ages
The Sassanid Age (224–651)
The city is being strengthened as an administrative center.
Craftsmanship and trade are developing.
Arab Conquest (VII century)
After the fall of the Sassanid Empire, the city came under the rule of Arab conquerors.
Shiraz is fast becoming the center of Islamic culture and science, where mosques, madrassas and libraries are built.
The Buid dynasty (X-XI centuries)
Shiraz is the capital of the independent Buid emirate, making it the political and cultural center of southern Iran.
During this period, the active construction of mosques, palaces and gardens begins, which will determine the architectural appearance of the city for centuries.
The era of the Safavids and Zands
The Safavid Age (1501–1736)
Shiraz is part of the Safavid Empire.
The city is famous for poetry, crafts and trade: carpet production, silk and ceramics flourish here.
Shiraz is becoming the center of Shia culture – new madrassas and mausoleums of religious figures are opening.
The Zand Age (1750–1794)
One of the most significant periods in the history of Shiraz.
The founder of the Zandov dynasty, Karim Khan Zand, made Shiraz his capital.
Construction of Arg Karim Khan Castle, mosques and public buildings.
The city is experiencing a flourishing of architecture, horticulture and security.
XIX - early XX century
After the fall of the Zand dynasty, power passed to the Qajar dynasty.
Shiraz loses its status as the capital, but remains an important cultural and commercial center.
In the XIX century, education, crafts and religious centers are actively developing here, the modern appearance of the old city is being formed.
Culture and literature
Shiraz has always been a city of poetry, literature and science.
The birthplace of great Persian poets: Hafiz (1315–1390) and Saadi (1210–1292).
In the city are the mausoleums of Hafiz and Saadi, which have become a place of pilgrimage and cultural meetings.
Shiraz is famous for its gardens: Eram Garden, Narendestan Garden, which personify the Persian tradition of “paradise gardens”.
Modern Shiraz
Today Shiraz is the fourth largest city in Iran, an important cultural, tourist and educational center.
The population is about 1.8 million.
Modern universities and research centers.
Tourism: architectural monuments, gardens, markets, ancient mosques and mausoleums of poets.
Economics: winemaking (historically), gardening, textiles, ceramics.
Shiraz, the Pearl of Southern Iran
Shiraz is a city of gardens, poetry and history, where every corner is imbued with culture and ancient traditions. It is called the “city of poets” because Hafiz and Saadi, two of the greatest Persian poets, were born and worked here, whose works are known all over the world.
A walk through Shiraz is a journey through the centuries: from ancient madrasahs and mosques to the palaces of the Zandov era. Here you can feel the atmosphere of the old Persian Iran without losing the comfort of modern life.
What impresses a tourist
Architecture and historical monuments
Arg Karim Khan is a powerful citadel of the Zandov era, the heart of the old city.
Nasir-ol-Molk Mosque is a famous “pink mosque” with stained glass windows, where the morning sun paints the interior in fabulous colors.
The mausoleums of the poets Hafiz and Saadi are places where you can feel the spirit of Persian literature.
Shiraz Gardens
Eram Garden is a historic garden with groves, fountains and pavilions, included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Narendestan Garden is a palace garden with typical Persian architecture and a coziness atmosphere. Walking through these gardens is the perfect way to enjoy the tranquility and beauty of nature in the city centre.
Culture and crafts
Ceramics, carpets, textiles, handmade wood and metal products.
Shops with fragrant spices, tea and sweets.
Local markets where you can feel the atmosphere of the East and the flavor of Shiraz.
Culinary discoveries
Traditional dishes, including kebabs, pilaf, pomegranate and quince dishes, give the journey a tasty cultural touch.
Fresh fruits and juices - mango, pomegranate, citrus fruits.
The atmosphere of the city
Shiraz combines the tranquility of the old town with the liveliness of modern neighborhoods. Here you can:
Walk along the old streets with historical buildings;
Enjoy the aroma of flowers and spices in the bazaars;
visit a cozy cafe where they read Hafiz’s poems;
Watching the city in Khan Square is the heart of everyday life.
1. Luxury hotels (5★)
They offer comfort, style and service at the highest level.
Often there is a swimming pool, spa, fitness centers and restaurants with local and international cuisine.
Examples of popular hotels:
Zandiyeh Hotel - a combination of modern service and traditional architecture; located near the city center.
Shiraz Grand Hotel is a classic 5★ option with spacious rooms and high-end service.
2. Mid-range hotels (3–4★)
Comfortable rooms, often with breakfast, Wi-Fi and small amenities.
A great option for travelers who want convenience without overpaying for luxury.
Examples:
Homa Hotel Shiraz - convenient location, proximity to the bazaar and historical sites.
Ghasr-e-Sepid Hotel - clean, comfortable, reasonable price.
3. Budgetary and cost-effective options
Hotels, hostels and guest houses.
Simple rooms, but clean and safe, often with shared bathrooms and kitchens.
Examples:
Shiraz Traditional Guesthouse is a cozy guest house in the old town, close to the mausoleums of poets.
Eden Guesthouse is an economical option with basic amenities, friendly staff.
Alternative ways of living
Apartments and apartments for a short period of time
Through platforms like Airbnb.
Suitable for families or those who want to cook for themselves.
Guesthouses
Often located in the old town, with the atmosphere of a traditional house.
Staff can give advice on excursions, restaurants and local markets.
Boutique hotels and historic houses
Some old houses in the center of Shiraz are converted into cozy hotels with a unique interior.
The atmosphere of traditional architecture and Persian decor.
Hostels
Suitable for budget tourists and groups.
They often offer shared rooms and social areas to connect with other travelers.
1. Arg Karim Khan (Arg of Karim Khan)
What it is: a citadel of the Zandov era, built in the XVIII century, with high walls and fortress towers.
Why it is interesting: a historical symbol of Shiraz, a museum with an exposition about the life and architecture of Zandov.
How to get there:
Walking from the city center (10-15 minutes from Khan Square).
Taxi: 5-10 minutes.
2. Mausoleums of poets Hafiz and Saadi
What it is: mausoleums of great Persian poets, places of pilgrimage and inspiration for tourists.
Why it is interesting: the atmosphere of Persian poetry, beautiful gardens, the opportunity to read Hafiz’s poems against the background of fountains.
How to get there:
Taxi from the center - about 10-15 minutes.
Walking from the old town - 20-30 minutes, depending on the route.
3. Nasir-ul-Molk Mosque (Pink Mosque)
What is it: a mosque with magnificent stained glass, built in the XIX century.
Why it's interesting: The morning rays of the sun create a "glass carpet" effect of bright colors - incredibly photogenic.
How to get there:
Walking - 15-20 minutes from the city center.
Taxi, 5 minutes.
4. Shiraz Gardens
Eram Garden: a historical Persian garden with pavilions and flowering alleys, a UNESCO site.
Narendestan Garden: a palace garden with fountains, water channels and architecture of the Qajar era.
Why it is interesting: a place of quiet rest, walks and photo shoots.
How to get there:
Taxi - 5-15 minutes from the city center.
Walk - about 20-30 minutes, depending on the garden.
5. Shiraz Bazaars
Vakil Bazaar: an ancient covered market with craftsmen's shops, spices, carpets and souvenirs.
Vaquila mosque and baths: next to the bazaar, you can combine excursion and shopping.
Why interesting: immersion in local life, shopping and tasting sweets.
How to get there:
Walking from the center - 5-10 minutes.
Taxi: 3-5 minutes.
6. Nasir al-Molk Mosque and Jame Masjid
What it is: historical mosques with unique architecture, colorful domes and columns.
Why is interesting: you can see different eras of architecture, from Zandov to Qajar.
How to get there: on foot or by taxi from the city center - 5-10 minutes.
Transport accessibility
On foot.
The old city centre and most attractions are within a 15-30 minute walk.
Convenient for walking and exploring the nearest historical sites.
Taxi.
An inexpensive and quick way to get to more remote gardens or mausoleums.
Prices are fixed or negotiated in advance - usually 5-10 minutes of travel costs 1-3 USD.
Renting a car or scooter
Suitable for tourists looking to visit suburban attractions or plan trips outside the city.
The streets of the city are compact, parking is near the main attractions.
Public transport
There are buses and minibuses in Shiraz, but they are not as popular with tourists as the routes are less convenient for sightseeing.
1. International Festival of Flowers and Gardens (Spring Flower Festival)
March-April.
Takes place in the historic gardens of the city, including Eram Garden.
Flower exhibitions, photo contests, cultural programs.
2. Hafez Poetry Festival (Hafez Poetry Festival)
Summer festival, usually in July.
Tourists and locals gather at the mausoleum of Hafiz, read poems, hold lectures and cultural evenings.
3. Iranian National Holidays with Festivals in Shiraz
Nowruz (Persian New Year, March 20-21)
Celebrations, fairs, concerts, traditional dishes.
Mehregan (Harvest Festival, September–October)
Craft exhibitions, cultural events, concerts.
4. Local musical and cultural events
Concerts of classical Persian music and folklore groups.
Outdoor theater performances in gardens and palaces.
Exhibitions and art fairs are often in Eram Garden and the old centre.
5. Crafts and Bazaar Festivals
Regular fairs in the Vakil Bazaar and adjacent streets.
Sale of carpets, ceramics, fabrics, spices and traditional sweets.
1. Spring (March-May)
Air temperature:
In the afternoon: +20... +30 °C
At night: +10... +18 °C
Weather: mild, sunny, ideal for walking through garden complexes and the old town.
The flowering of roses, fruit trees and gardens makes the city especially picturesque.
Recommendations: this is the best season to visit Shiraz, comfortable weather for excursions, walks and photo shoots.
2. Summer (June-August)
Air temperature:
In the afternoon: +32 ... +38 °C
At night: +22 ... +27 °C
Weather: hot and dry, almost no rain.
Features: The heat can be high, especially in July; early morning and evening are recommended for walking.
Recommendations: tourists with high heat tolerance are suitable for visiting cultural events and night bazaars.
3. Autumn (September-November)
Air temperature:
In the afternoon: +22 ... +32 °C
At night: +12... +20 °C
Weather: pleasant, mild heat, minimal rain.
Features: green gardens are preserved, fewer tourists, Mehregan holidays are held.
Recommendations: a great time for relaxation and excursions.
4. Winter (December-February)
Air temperature:
In the afternoon: +15...+25 °C
At night: +5... +12 °C
Weather: cool, dry and sunny; sometimes frosts at night in the vicinity.
Features: Ideal for those who prefer a cool climate for hiking and exploring historical sights.
A good season for tourists who cannot tolerate the heat.
Language of communication
Official language: Persian (Farsi).
Common dialects: local southern dialects of Farsi; in touristic places, many understand English.
Basic English is sufficient, especially in hotels, restaurants and tourist centers.
Useful phrases in Farsi:
Salam - salam - Hello
Khodahafez - Hodahafez - Goodbye
Lotfan - Lotfan - Please
Mamnoon - Mamnoon - Thank you
Bebakhshid - Bebakhshid - Excuse me
In chand ast? - How much does it cost?
Man Nemifahmam - Man Nemifahmam
Traditions and customs
Communication
Greeting: A light nod or handshake with those who are expecting it.
Tourists should behave politely, calmly and with respect to elders.
Dress
For women: closed shoulders, long sleeves, skirts or pants below the knees, a head scarf (hijab).
For men: long trousers, sleeve T-shirt; shorts in public are undesirable.
In religious places, clothing is stricter: shoulders and feet should be covered.
Conduct in public places
Do not show intimacy or intimacy in public.
Respect religious traditions, especially when praying.
When visiting mosques or mausoleums, remove your shoes where required.
Photography.
Do not photograph people without permission, especially women.
Inside mosques and museums, watch out for no-photo signs.
Money and tipping habits
Currency: Iranian rial (IRR); tourist destinations can accept dollars.
Tipping: usually 5-10% in restaurants and cafes; in hotels for porter services or cleaning - several thousand rials.
Laws and regulations that are important to follow
Age and alcohol
Alcohol is prohibited in Iran. Use and storage are punishable by law.
The minimum age to comply with the law is 18, but this applies mainly to drugs and other restrictions.
Drugs.
Strictly forbidden. Even a small amount of drugs is punishable by arrest and severe punishment.
Religious and state symbols
Offensive actions against the Islamic religion, state symbols or leaders are not allowed.
Road rules and safety
Use seat belts in cars.
Be careful on the roads, especially when renting scooters or cars.
Environmental regulations
Do not leave garbage in historical places, parks and gardens.
Do not touch historical artifacts and exhibits in museums.
1. Greetings and courtesy
Salam - salam - Hello
Khodahafez - Hodahafez - Goodbye
Lotfan - Lotfan - Please
Mamnoon / Moteshakeram - Mamnoon / Moteshakeram - Thank you
Bebakhshid - Bebakhshid - Sorry / Sorry
Hale shoma chetore? - How are you?
Khosh Amadid - Hosh Amadid - Welcome
2. Basic phrases for travel
In chand ast? - How much does it cost?
Man Nemifahmam - Man Nemifahmam
Mitavanid komakam konid? - Mitavanid komakam konid? - Can you help me?
Bā man engilisi sohbat mikonid? - ba man englisi suhbat mikonid? - Do you speak English?
Tualet kojāst? - Toilet coujast? - Where's the toilet?
b mikhāham - Ab miham - I need water
3. Phrases for restaurants and cafes
Yek miz barāye do nafar, lotfan - yak miz baraya do nafar, lotfan - table for two, please
Menu, lotfan - manu, lotfan - menu, please
Hesāb, lotfan - hesab, lotfan - bill, please
In ghand / ghazā delkhāh ast - in gand / gas delkhah ast - It's delicious
Man be ... alerji dāram - man be ... alerji daram - I am allergic to ...
4. Transport and orientation
Taxi - taxi - taxi
Oto / Otobus - oto / bus - Bus
Farāvar/Shahr – Faravar/Shahr
Chap / Rast / Mostaghim – Chap / Rast / bridgeaghim – Left / Right / Direct
Inja stop konid - Inja stop konid - stop here
5. Conversational and useful expressions
Bale / Na - ball / on - Yes / No
Kheili khub - Heili Hub - Very good
Motmaen nistam - Motmaen nistam - I'm not sure
Lotfan tekrar konid - Lotfan tekrar conid - Please repeat
Kojā hastam? - Where am I?
Food and drink
Shiraz is known for its culinary culture and fragrant dishes:
Shiraz kebab (Kabab-e Shami, Kabab Koobideh) - meat cooked on coals, one of the main dishes of the region.
Fruits and dried fruits: pomegranate, dates, quince, grapes, almonds.
Sweets: Sherbet, Baklava, halva and traditional Persian desserts.
Pomegranate juice and rose water (Golab) are used both in cooking and as a drink.
Tea and herbal teas – local herbal teas are beneficial for digestion and relaxation.
Tip: Pomegranate and rose water is a popular souvenir, convenient to take in bottles for travel.
Medicinal and natural remedies
Rosehip oil and almond oil for skin and hair are known for their moisturizing and rejuvenating properties.
Herbal collections and spices - thyme, mint, saffron, saffron-pink mixtures.
Pomegranate juice and paste (Pomegranate paste) are useful for the cardiovascular system and immunity.
Aromatic oils and essential mixtures are often handmade and sold in small bottles.
Tip: Check the quality and tightness of the packaging when buying oils and juices for transportation.
Souvenirs and crafts
Shiraz is one of the centers of Persian crafts:
Manual work
Persian carpets and rugs are bright, with traditional patterns.
Ceramics and porcelain, painted in the national style.
Wooden products and miniatures, sometimes engraved.
Textiles and clothing
Silk scarves and scarves.
Traditional fabrics and embroidery.
Thematic souvenirs
Magnets, postcards, figurines, souvenirs with quotes by Hafiz and Saadi.
Rose water bottles and spices as a symbol of the city.
Tip: Corals and living plants are not for sale; souvenirs are safer to choose from shops and proven artisans.
Safety of rest in Shiraz
Shiraz is considered safe for tourists, but standard precautions must be followed:
Keep documents, money and valuables in safe places.
Do not leave bags and personal belongings unattended in bazaars and public places.
In the evening, avoid low-light and deserted streets.
Follow the rules of the road and use the taxi carefully.
Tourist areas are usually safe, especially in the city centre and surroundings of mausoleums, gardens and historical monuments.
Documents required
Passport – valid for at least 6 months from the date of entry.
Most tourists need a tourist visa, which can be issued in advance through the Consulate of Iran or online (e-Visa).
Round-trip tickets – Departure confirmation may be required at the border.
Hotel reservation or invitation - it is desirable to have with you for presentation.
Health insurance – Travel insurance is recommended, especially for emergencies and evacuations.
Health insurance and pharmacy
Travel insurance is mandatory for travel, especially during active rest.
There are several clinics and pharmacies in Shiraz, but in case of serious problems, medical evacuation may be necessary to Tehran.
Tip: Bring a basic first aid kit, sunscreen, repellents, customized medications.
Emergency services
Police/Emergency Services: 110
Ambulance/medical care: 115
Fire service: 125
Tourist Police (Shiraz): check at hotel or guides
Mobile communications
Main local operators: Hamrah-e Aval, Irancell, Rightel
Tourists may:
Buy a prepaid SIM card;
Connect to Wi-Fi in hotels, cafes and historic locations.
International roaming is available, but usually more expensive than local SIM.
Term of stay of the tourist
Standard tourist visa: up to 30 days without extension.
The possibility of extending the visa is specified in the immigration services of Iran.
It is important for tourists not to exceed the visa period, otherwise there may be fines or a ban on re-entry.
Create a query and local guides will offer you the best options
