Aleksin

Aleksin is a city in Russia, the administrative center of the Aleksinsky district of the Tula region.

The population is 65.7 thousand inhabitants (2007).

The city is located in the northern part of the Central Russian Upland, on both banks of the Oka River, 71 km northwest of Tula, the pier.

For the first time in written sources about Alexin mentioned in the Nikon Chronicle under 1348: - "Prince Temir Ordinsky come as a brother to the city of Oleksin the holy wonderworker Peter, Metropolitan of Kiev and All Russia, and Posad later." In 1472 Khan Akhmat with great forces entered the Russian land. Moscow was not exactly aware of Akhmat’s direction and therefore took the usual precautions. Therefore, on July 29, 1472, the enemy was able to approach almost unhindered the wooden fortress - the city of Alexin. Alexinians selflessly began to fight the enemy. And all the chroniclers who described the battle for Alexin noted the heroism and courage of the citizens: "Citizens bravely defended themselves and many Tatars died." Soon, however, there was nothing more to defend, there was no arrow or spear left, writes historian S. M. Solovyov. On July 30, the Mongol Tatars set fire to the fortress, but the townspeople bravely defended themselves. While the battle was going on at Alexin, Ivan III managed to send troops to defend Moscow. The merit of the Aleksinians is that they restrained for two days the superior forces of the enemy. By the early 50s of the XVII century, only about 450 people lived in Alexin. In 1728, near Alexin on the river Myshega Mosolov brothers built the first iron factory, which is now called "Tyazhpromarmatura". The city begins to develop actively in the XIX-XX centuries, when it becomes the center of sawmill, metallurgical industry, as well as after the construction of the Kaluga-Tula railway in the middle of the XIX century. In 1933, the government decided to build a chemical plant (combine 100) in the Moscow region, which included Alexin. On March 27, 1941, the first CHPP was put into operation, and at the end of May, workshop No. 3 of the plant 100. In the early 20s, the first dachas appear in Alexin, near the century-old pine forest. Loved to rest in Alexin and the great Russian writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. Alexin helped forge the Great Victory, 7662 people of the Alexandrian died the death of the brave. Ten people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (I. A. Ageev, N. V. Bychkov, V. R. Voronkov, I. N. Makarov, G. G. Nikolaev, M. S. Polivanov, P. Ya. Polyakov, P. I. Romanov, I. I. Savoshchev, I. A. Filatov). Among the awarded Alexandrians are two full knights of the Order of Glory: Ivan Konstantinovich Lepikhov and Sergey Demyanovich Petrov.

The peak of the heyday of the city falls on the 70s of the twentieth century, when the Khimkombinat reaches its greatest prosperity, being the largest producer of gunpowder. It was then that the 2nd microdistrict (Mr. Shakhtarsky) was built up and the park "Plough" opened in Mr. Gorushka, which was rightfully considered the most beautiful park of the city, combining both slender pines and wonderful artistic fraternization. At the same time, the Myshegh plant is reoriented to the production of shut-off equipment for the oil and gas industry. Restructuring and the change of power had a detrimental effect on the economy of the city. The chemical plant lost its defense orders, came to a terrible desolation park in Mr. Sotsgorod.

Roads are an important problem in the city; the state of the roadway is one of the worst in the region. The only road bridge across the Oka River in the city is in emergency condition. There are many plans for the redevelopment of the city, the development of its individual parts; all these plans have not been implemented.