Travel and rest in Indonesia

A brief history of Indonesia

Indonesia is the largest archipelagic state in the world, located in Southeast Asia between the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Its history is saturated with various cultural, political and economic events over many millennia. Here is a more detailed overview of Indonesia’s history:

1. Ancient Civilizations: The region where modern Indonesia is located has had a rich history since the first humans arrived in the region about 40,000 years ago. One of the first known civilizations was the Mesopotamian civilization on the island of Java, which flourished from the IV century BC to the XI century AD.
2. Islamic kingdoms: VIII-XII centuries A.D. Indonesia has become a center of Islamic expansion in the region. Some of the most famous Islamic kingdoms were Sulu, Mataram and Majapahit on the island of Java.
3. Period of colonization: In the XVI century, Indonesia became the object of interest of European colonizers, primarily the Portuguese, Dutch and British. The Dutch proved most successful in establishing control of the region and founded the Netherlands India, which included most of modern Indonesia.
4. The Dutch ruled Indonesia for more than three centuries, exploiting the region’s resources and asserting their political power. It was also a period of growing national consciousness among Indonesian peoples.
5. Struggle for independence: After World War II, the national independence movement became increasingly active. Indonesia's independence was proclaimed in 1945, but the Dutch continued to resist, leading to the War of Independence. Eventually, after international pressure and domestic resistance, the Netherlands recognized Indonesia's independence in 1949.
6. Modern history: Since independence, Indonesia has faced various challenges, including political unrest, economic hardship and social conflict. Since the 1960s, the country has become authoritarian when President Sukarno and then his successor Suharto took power. Since Suharto in 1998, the government has become less authoritarian, but the country still faces challenges in human rights, corruption and economic development.
7. Economic development: In recent decades, Indonesia has achieved significant economic growth, becoming a major economy in the region. The country remains one of the largest producers of oil, natural gas, coal and palm oil. Tourism also plays an important role in the country’s economy due to its beautiful beaches, cultural heritage and natural attractions.

This is only a brief description of Indonesia’s history, which continues to evolve and change under the influence of various factors, including political events, economic factors and social changes.

Main activities, religion and interests of the local population in Indonesia

Indonesia is a country with a diverse economy and culture, which is reflected in the main employment, type of activity, religion and interests.

1. Main employment:
   • Agriculture: Indonesia has extensive agricultural land on which various crops are grown, such as rice, corn, coffee, cocoa, palm oil and others. Agriculture remains an important part of the economy and an occupation for a large part of the population.
   • Industry: Indonesia’s industrial sector includes oil, natural gas, coal, mineral mining and processing, electronics, textiles, automobiles and other goods.
   • Tourism also plays an important role in Indonesia’s economy, attracting millions of foreign tourists annually due to its beautiful beaches, historical attractions, exotic nature and cultural heritage.
2. Activities:
   • Craftsmanship and market trade: In many parts of the country there is a developed tradition of craftsmanship, as well as local markets where you can buy various goods and products.
   • Fishing: Indonesia is one of the largest fishing nations in the world, and fishing is an important source of income for many locals, especially in coastal areas.
   • Technologies and information technologies: In recent decades, the country has also seen growth in information technology and internet business.
3. Religion:
   • Islam is the main religion in Indonesia, which was introduced into the country in the VIII-XII centuries. Most Indonesians are Muslims and Islam plays an important role in their daily lives and culture.
   • Christianity: Christianity is also common in Indonesia, especially in Sumatra and several other regions. Catholicism and Protestantism are the main Christian movements.
   • Buddhism, Hinduism and others: Despite the prevalence of Islam, Indonesia also has a significant number of Buddhists, Hindus and followers of other religions, especially on the island of Bali.
4. The interests of the local population:
   • Cultural traditions: The local population of Indonesia is proud of its cultural traditions, including music, dance, cuisine and craftsmanship.
   • Sports: Football is a popular sport in Indonesia, as well as badminton, basketball and volleyball.
   • Holidays and festivals: Locals actively participate in the celebration of various religious and national holidays, such as Eid al-Fitr, Ramadan, Lunar New Year, as well as local festivals and holidays in different regions of the country.

Overall, Indonesia is a multi-ethnic and multi-religious society with a rich cultural and economic history, reflected in the diversity of occupations, religions and interests of its people.

Interesting places and attractiveness of Indonesia

Indonesia is a fascinating cultural world, imbued with history, natural beauty and the hospitality of the local population. Here are some attractive aspects of Indonesia for travelers and tourists:

1. Amazing nature:
   • Exotic beaches: Indonesia is famous for its crystal clear waters, soft sand and magnificent beaches. Islands such as Bali, Lombok, Gili and Komodo offer a variety of opportunities for water sports and just to relax in the sun.
   • Exotic nature: Luxury rainforests, volcanoes, lakes and canyons provide endless opportunities for exploration and adventure. Komodo National Park is one of the places where you can meet unique Komodo dragons.
2. Rich cultural heritage:
   • Traditional ceremonies and festivals: Local holidays such as New Year’s Day in Bali (Nyepi), Indonesian Independence Day (Hari Merdeka) and Eid al-Fitr offer the opportunity to plunge into the local culture, traditions and customs.
   • Historical sights: Indonesia has a rich cultural heritage, including ancient temples and monuments such as the Borobudur and Prambanan temples on the island of Java.
3. Culinary pleasures:
   • Diversity of dishes: Indonesian cuisine offers a rich variety of flavors and aromas, including exquisite seafood, aromatic spices and traditional dishes such as inflatable noodles (mie goreng), sate and ground coffee Kopi Luwak.
4. Opportunities for adventure:
   • Diving and snorkeling: Indonesia is a paradise for lovers of diving and snorkeling, with a rich underwater world and colorful coral reefs. Islands such as Raja Ampat offer unique opportunities to observe the underwater world.
   • Trekking and climbing volcanoes: Indonesia is teeming with volcanoes, offering unique trekking and climbing opportunities. Climbing the Bromo volcano on the island of Java or the Batur volcano in Bali is an unforgettable adventure.
5. Diversity and hospitality:
   • Multiculturalism: Indonesia is a multi-ethnic society where different cultures, languages and customs coexist. Travelers can immerse themselves in the diversity of this world, meeting locals and learning their customs.
   • Hospitality of the local population: The locals of Indonesia are known for their warm welcome and hospitality, which makes traveling around the country even more enjoyable and memorable.

Indonesia is a place where unique natural beauties, rich cultural history and unrivaled hospitality of the local population meet, making it an ideal place for an unforgettable holiday and adventure.

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Transport accessibility and comfort, accommodation and food in Indonesia

Indonesia offers a variety of opportunities for transportation, restaurants, hotels and other accommodations, matching different budgets and preferences. Here is an overview of service levels in different segments:

1. Transport:
   • Public transport: In major cities such as Jakarta, Bandung and Surabaya, public transport is available including buses, subways, mototaxi (bojek), taxis and tuk tuk.
   • Private transport services: There are also many private transportation services such as car rental with a driver, taxi intermediaries (Gojek, Grab) and moped rental.
2. Restaurants:
   • Top-class restaurants: Indonesia offers a wide range of top-class restaurants with exquisite cuisine and a unique atmosphere. Some notable restaurants include Mozaic (Bali), Locavore (Bali), and Sate Khas Senayan (Jakarta).
   • Middle class and street food: In cities and tourist areas, you can find a variety of mid-range restaurants and cafes, as well as street food offering authentic Indonesian dishes at affordable prices.
3. Hotels:
   • Luxury hotels: Indonesia has many luxury hotels and resorts offering a high level of service and amenities. Some notable names include Ayana Resort & Spa (Bali), Four Seasons Resort (Bali) and Ritz-Carlton (Jakarta).
   • Mid-range and budget hotels: Mid-range options and budget hotels are also widely represented in many cities and resort areas of Indonesia. Some popular mid-range hotels include Ibis Styles (Bali), Novotel (Bandung), and Holiday Inn Express (Jakarta).
4. Other available accommodation:
   • Villas and rental houses: It is possible to rent villas and houses through various online platforms for a more authentic and private stay.
   • Hostels and guesthouses: For budget travelers, hostels and guesthouses in various cities and tourist areas are available, offering affordable accommodation with basic amenities.

Indonesia has a variety of options for accommodation and meals, from luxury resorts and restaurants to budget hotels and street food. Travelers can choose based on their preferences, budget and travel plans.

What to see in Indonesia

Indonesia has many stunning attractions, offering a variety of natural beauties, cultural monuments and unique places. Here are some of the main attractions of the country and their transport accessibility:

1. Borobudur Temple, Java:
   • This majestic Buddhist temple, built in the ninth century, is one of the most important historical and architectural monuments of Indonesia.
   • Transport accessibility: Borobudur Temple is located near the city of Yogyakarta on the island of Java. It is available to visit both by car and by public transport.
2. Bromo volcano, Java:
   • This active volcano is located in Tenger Semeru National Park on the island of Java and offers spectacular views and adventures for nature lovers and mountaineering.
   • Transport accessibility: To reach the volcano, you can take a bus or car from the city of Malang or Probolingo.
3. Bali Island:
   • Bali is known for its stunning beaches, luxurious resorts, religious temples and rich cultural heritage.
   • Transport accessibility: The island of Bali has Ngura Rai International Airport, which serves many direct flights from various countries. Domestic flights and buses are also available.
4. Komodo Island and Komodo Dragons:
   • Komodo Island is home to unique Komodo dragons, the largest lizards in the world.
   • Transport accessibility: To reach Komodo Island, you can take a boat or cruise from the ports on Flores Island or from Bali.
5. Ubud City, Bali:
   • Ubud is known for its rice terraces, art galleries, ancient temples and spa resorts.
   • Transport accessibility: Ubud is a few hours by bus or car from Ngura Rai Airport on the island of Bali.
6. Makassar, Sulawesi:
   • This city serves as a gateway to the beautiful island of Tangunga, and is also known for its historical sights and cultural heritage.
   • Transport accessibility: Makassar International Airport serves many flights from various parts of Indonesia and other countries.

Transport accessibility to these attractions varies from place to place, but in many cases car rentals, bus and rail routes, and domestic flights are available. It is important to plan ahead and choose the best route to reach the desired locations.

Holidays, cultural life and activities in Indonesia

Indonesia has many popular events, festivals, carnivals and concerts that take place at different times of the year and reflect the country’s cultural diversity. Here are some of them:

1. New Year in Bali (Nyepi):
   • This major Hindu festival, also known as the "Quiet Day", is celebrated in late March or early April. On this day, various rituals are held on the island of Bali, and all kinds of entertainment are prohibited, including the use of fire, work and movement on the streets.
2. Eid al-Fitr (Hari Raya Pasa):
   • It is a celebration of the end of the month of Ramadan, the Muslim month of fasting. It is celebrated by the entire Muslim community at the end of Ramadan. During this time, families come together to celebrate, exchange gifts and share food.
3. Indonesian Independence Day (Hari Merdeka)
   • This holiday is celebrated on August 17 to commemorate the day Indonesia gained its independence from Dutch colonial rule in 1945. On this day there are parades, concerts, festivals and other entertainment events.
4. The anniversary of the founding of Jakarta (Hari Ulang Tahun Jakarta)
   • Jakarta celebrates its birthday every June 22. On this day, the city hosts various events, parades and concerts, as well as street food festivals and cultural exhibitions.
5. Komodo Festival in Labuan Baggio:
   • This festival celebrates the protection of Komodo Island and its unique ecosystem. It is held annually in late April or early May and includes various events such as cultural exhibitions, sports competitions, concerts and traditional festive parades.
6. Bali Vegetarian Festival (Pesta Rakyat Nyepi):
   • This festival takes place during the days leading up to the New Year in Bali and offers a variety of activities including vegetarian cuisine exhibitions, religious rites, cultural performances and street parades.

These are just a few examples of popular events and celebrations that take place in Indonesia. It is important to note that dates may change each year according to calendar and local traditions.

What weather is best for traveling to Indonesia

Indonesia is in the tropical zone and the climate can vary by region at different times of the year. In general, there are two main seasons in the country: the rainy season and the dry season. Here is an overview of climate and temperatures at different times of the year:

1. Rainy season (monsoon season):
   • Time of year: The rainy season in Indonesia usually lasts from November to March, although rainy times and their intensity can vary depending on the region.
   • Air temperature: During the rainy season, the air temperature is usually between +25°C and +32°C, depending on the location and altitude above sea level.
   • Water temperature: The water temperature in the ocean is approximately +27 °C - +30 °C.
   • Features of the trip: During the rainy season, frequent rains and storms are possible, especially on islands on the western side such as Bali and Lombok. However, nature comes to life, greenery becomes brighter, and waterfalls and rivers become more abundant, making some places even more attractive to visit.
2. Dry season:
   • Time of year: The dry season usually lasts from April to October.
   • Air temperature: At this time, the air temperature is usually from +28 ° C to +34 ° C, depending on the region.
   • Water temperature: Ocean water temperature is maintained at approximately the same level, from +27°C to +30°C.
   • Features of the trip: During the dry season, there is usually less rain and more stable weather. This is a great time to visit beach resorts, practice water sports and explore natural attractions.

The best season to travel to Indonesia depends on your preferences and plans. The dry season is usually preferred for relaxing on the beaches and outdoor activities, while the rainy season may be more suitable for those who want to enjoy more green and abundant nature.

Language of communication, traditions, customs and laws in Indonesia

In Indonesia, the official language is Indonesian, also known as Bahasa Indonesia. However, there are many indigenous languages and dialects in the country, especially on various islands such as Javanese, Sundanese, Balinese and many others. In tourist areas and cities where there are many foreign visitors, English is also widely used, especially in hotels, restaurants and tourist establishments.

When traveling to Indonesia, it is important to follow local traditions, customs and laws to respect the local population and avoid problems. Here are a few important aspects:

1. Respect for local culture:
   • Show respect for local culture, religion and customs. Dress modestly when visiting religious places and villages.
   • Be polite and courteous when dealing with locals. Use the usual greetings and farewells such as "Selamat Pagi" (good morning) and "Terima Kasih" (thank you).
2. Religious monuments and places:
   • If you visit temples, mosques or other religious sites, follow rules and customs such as taking off your shoes before entering and respectful behavior inside sacred sites.
3. Purchase and trade:
   • Trading is common in markets and local shops. You are expected to haggle about the price, but do so with respect and friendliness.
   • When buying souvenirs or other items, make sure they are not made from prohibited materials such as animal skin or threatened plant species.
4. Laws and norms of conduct:
   • Respect local laws and regulations. Do not engage in illegal activities such as drug use or illegal trade.
   • It is important to remember that public expressions of affection are prohibited in Indonesia, especially in public places.
5. Environmental Consciousness:
   • Respect nature and the environment. Do not leave garbage on the streets and beaches, and when visiting natural attractions, follow the rules of parks and reserves.

Compliance with these traditions, customs and laws will help you make your trip to Indonesia enjoyable and safe, as well as show your respect for the local culture and society.

The main dialogues for traveling in Indonesia

When traveling to Indonesia, it’s helpful to know a few basic words and phrases in the local language to make it easier to communicate with locals and show your respect for their culture. Here are some keywords, phrases, and dialogues in Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) with their Russian translation and transcription:

1. Greetings and goodbyes:
   • Welcome: Halo! (Halo)
   • Hello (afternoon): Selamat siang! (Selamat Siang)
   • Hello (evening): Selamat sore! (Selamat sore)
   • Hello (night): Selamat malam! (Selamat Malam)
   • Goodbye: Selamat tinggal! (Selamat Tinggal)
   • See you soon: Sampai jumpa!
2. Main phrases:
   • Thank you: Terima kasih! (Terima Kasih)
   • Please: Tolong! (Tolong)
   • Excuse me: Maaf! (Maaf)
   • I don't understand: Saya tidak mengerti. (Saya tidak mengerti)
   • Please speak slowly: Tolong bicara pelan-pelan. (Tolong bichara pelan-pelan)
   • Where is...?: Di mana...? (Di mana)
3. Order food and drink:
   • Menu: Menu (Menu)
   • Water: Air (Air)
   • Beer: Bir (Bir)
   • Rhys: Nasi (Nasi)
   • Soup: Sup (Soup)
   • Coffee: Kopi (Copy)
4. Travel and destinations:
   • Airport: Bandara (Bandara)
   • Bus stop: Halte bus (Halte bus)
   • Where is the hotel?: Di Mana Hotel? (Di Mana wanted...)
   • How to get to...?: Bagaimana cara ke...?
   • Turn left: Belok kiri (kiri squirrel)
   • Turn right: Belok kanan (Squirrel canan)
5. Numbers:
   • One: Satu (Satu)
   • Two: Dua (Dua)
   • Three: Tiga (Tiga)
   • Ten: Sepuluh (Sepuluch)

These simple words and phrases can help you navigate and communicate in the local language in Indonesia. Be open to communication and show respect for the local culture, and your trip will be even more enjoyable and memorable.

What dishes, medicines and gifts are popular in Indonesia

Indonesia is known for its rich culture and traditions, which is reflected in food, medicines, souvenirs and other unique items. Here are some examples:

1. Food:
   • Scented spices: Indonesian cuisine is known for its variety of spices that give dishes a unique taste and aroma. Some popular dishes include inflatable noodles (mie goreng), sate (kebabs), nasi goreng (fried rice) and gadogado (a vegetable salad with peanut sauce).
   • Kopi Luwak (coffee luak): Indonesia is known for its unique coffee, which is made from coffee beans passed through the stomachs of small animals called luacas. This coffee is considered one of the most expensive and rare in the world.
2. Medications:
   • Coconut oil: In Indonesia, coconut oil is widely used as a remedy for skin and hair. It is also used in cooking and in various beauty rituals.
   • Massage and Aromatherapy: Indonesian massage, known as Balinese massage, is a popular form of therapeutic recreation. Various aromatherapy oils and medical herbs are also widespread.
3. Souvenirs:
   • Batik: Indonesian batik is a traditional textile art in which drawing is created by hand-dying fabric. Batic products such as sari, blouses, tablecloths and pillows are popular souvenirs.
   • Mask for dancing and wooden sculptures: In Indonesia, various types of dance masks and wooden sculptures are common, which can serve as either an ornament or a unique souvenir.
4. Other:
   • Balinese incense and aromatic oils: In Bali, you can buy a variety of aromatic incense, oils and aromatic candles that can help create an atmosphere of calm and relaxation in your home.
   • Balsam Tiger: This local balm, containing natural oils and herbal extracts, is a popular remedy to relieve muscle and joint pain.

When choosing souvenirs and medicinal products, it is important to make sure they are legal and safe to bring into your country. It is also recommended to purchase a certificate of origin of goods to prevent trouble during customs control.

What to cook for a safe holiday in Indonesia

Holidays in Indonesia can be safe with a few precautions and preparations. Here are some safety tips and information:

1. Documents and insurance:
   • Passport: Make sure your passport is valid for at least 6 months after the end date of your trip to Indonesia.
   • Visa: Check if you need a visa to enter Indonesia depending on your country of citizenship. Citizens of many countries have visa-free entry for a certain period of time.
   • Health insurance: It is recommended to have health insurance that covers medical expenses, including evacuation if necessary.
2. Emergency services:
   • Police: 110
   • Ambulance: 118 or 119
   • Fire service: 113
   • Maritime rescue service: 151
   • National Disaster Management Centre: 129
3. Mobile communications:
   • Indonesia has several mobile operators such as Telkomsel, XL Axiata, Indosat Ooredoo and others providing mobile and internet services.
   • To avoid high roaming rates, you can purchase a local SIM card and use it on your smartphone.
4. Duration of stay:
   • Tourists from many countries can stay in Indonesia without a visa for a certain period of time. This is usually 30 or 60 days depending on the country.
   • If you plan to stay in Indonesia longer than allowed without a visa, contact your local immigration office for a visa extension.
5. Street safety:
   • Avoid walking alone on empty or dark streets, especially at night.
   • Beware of pickpocketing and pay attention to your valuables.
   • Use licensed taxis or taxi apps like Grab or Gojek, especially at night.

Compliance with these precautions will help make your stay in Indonesia safer and more enjoyable. Remember that a well-trained traveler usually avoids many problems.

Local currency and customs regulations in Indonesia

The currency of Indonesia is called the Indonesian Rupee (IDR). Here is some information about local currency and customs regulations:

1. Exchange rate against the US dollar:
   • The rate of the Indonesian rupee to the US dollar can fluctuate depending on financial conditions and economic situation. Before traveling, it is better to check the current rate with your bank or currency exchanger.
2. Payment in local currency:
   • In Indonesia, it is better to pay with the local currency. Most shops, restaurants and services only accept rupees.
   • In large cities and tourist areas, you can also pay with credit cards and bank cards.
3. Customs regulations on entry and exit:
   • Declaration: When entering Indonesia, you will need to fill out a customs declaration in which you indicate the amount of money imported and valuables.
   • Currency restrictions: The amount of currency you can bring into Indonesia is limited. The amount exceeding this limit must be declared. Exact restrictions may vary, so it is best to clarify this information before traveling.
   • Prohibited items: Certain items such as drugs, weapons, explosives and counterfeit goods are prohibited from entering Indonesia. There may also be restrictions on the import of alcohol and tobacco.
   • Departure declaration: When leaving Indonesia, you will also need to fill out a declaration on the export of money and valuables, as well as jewelry and antiques.

Compliance with customs rules and procedures will help to avoid problems when entering and leaving the country. Travelers should also remember that breaking these rules can result in fines or forfeiture.

Country maps Indonesia

Country tourist maps Indonesia - routes, attractions and unique objects.

Общая карта Индонезии