Bolğar

Located in the Volga region, on the banks of the Volga (Kuibyshev reservoir), 90 km north of the railway station Cherdakly, 140 km south of Kazan. Airport. Formed in 1781 on the Volga under the name Spassk from the village of Spassk (Chertykovo). In 1926 - 1935 Spassk-Tatarsky, 1935 - 1991 - Kuibyshev. In the 19th century it served as a transshipment point for agricultural goods (rye, flour, oats) for neighboring cities.

In 1991, the city received the name Bolgar in honor of the historical capital of Volga Bulgaria, it was in the past Bulgar and Bulgar the Great.

Bulgaria is the center of the agricultural region. Food industry enterprises prevail (meat processing plant, food processing plant, etc.). A garment factory. In the Spassky district, rye, wheat, oats, barley, peas, etc. are grown. They raise cattle, pigs, sheep. To the south of Bolgar are the remains of the city of Bolgar (Bulgar, the Great Bulgarians; since 1922 a historical and architectural reserve), the capital of the medieval state of Bulgaria Volga-Kama, founded in the 10th century. In 1361 it was destroyed by the Golden Horde Khan Bulak-Timur, but was soon restored. It was finally destroyed in 1431 by the army of Vasily II of the Dark, after which Kazan became the center of the Volga region. In the 18th century, the Assumption Monastery was founded here.

Excavations on the settlement of Bolgar have been conducted since 1877. Discovered buildings 13-14 centuries: "Cathedral mosque", mausoleums Northern ("Monastic cellar"), Eastern ("Church of St. Nicholas"), "Khanskaya tomb", chambers "Red", "Black", "White", "Greek", "Small minaret", baths, etc. In the Assumption Church (1732) - a museum.