GUNCHARD SLOBODA

GUNCHARD SLOBODA

Pottery settlement arose on the site of the village Babyshevo known since 1389. At the intersection of Goncharnaya Street with the passage of Artillery, there is the Epiphany Church. The Church of the Epiphany was formerly known as the Church in honor of the Conception of St. Anna. Goncharnaya Street was previously called Zachatevskaya Street.

The village of Babyshevo was first mentioned in the spiritual charter of Dimitry Donskoy, in which he bequeathed the village to his wife Evdokia Dmitrievna, and since then the suburban patrimony was owned by the great Moscow princesses, as evidenced by the name of the village - Babyshevo. According to legend, the wife of the great Moscow Prince John III – Sofia Paleolog – prayed for a long time on the site of the future temple for childbirth, and gave dinner to the Lord that in the event of the birth of a son on this site will be built a temple. Learning that she was waiting for a baby, the Grand Duchess in her suburban village of Babyshevo erected a wooden church in honor of the Conception of the Holy Righteous Anna. In the temple, to the left of the Royal Gates in the iconostasis of the main altar is the image of Our Lady of Smolensk, on which, as on the Child, crowns are depicted, reminiscent of the crowned ctitors of the temple - Sofia Paleolog and her son, the heir to the throne of Basil III. At the turn of the XVI-XVII centuries, the Zachatev Church burned down. After the fire in the ashes, the image of the Savior was found intact from the fire. In memory of this wonderful event, the newly rebuilt church in 1648 was consecrated in honor of the Unmade Image of the Lord. In 1680, the Epiphany temple was rebuilt in stone. It was laid with the old name, but on July 7, 1689 it was consecrated in honor of the Epiphany. Gradually, the suburban village of Babyshevo becomes the pottery settlement of Kolomna. According to the charter of kings John and Peter Alexeevich from 1685, the village was included in the city. At first, bricklayers and bricklayers lived here – builders of the Kolomna Kremlin, and then potters, who glorified their native city throughout Russia with their products. Craftsmen produced not only household dishes, but also polychrome tiles with relief ornament, as well as irrigation and gilding for the sovereign of the court and boyar choir. In the XIX century, V. I. Dahl recorded the proverb: “Strong as Kolomna pot”, and in the story of I. S. Turgenev “Mumu” you can read: “...absorbed, a man was fed up, oiled like a Kolomna pot ...”. The famous pot of white clay began to be produced in our city at the turn of the XIV - XV centuries and by the XVI century was distributed almost throughout the country. Until the end of the eighteenth century. The Epiphany Church was not heated, so in winter the service was transferred to the neighboring wooden warm church, consecrated in honor of the Introduction to the Church of the Most Holy Theotokos. The memory of this church has survived to this day in the name of one of the chapels. The Epiphany Church is associated with a very significant event in the church history of Russia - the birth of the great ecclesiastical and public figure of Russia of the XIX century, St. Philaret, Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomna. About this event was recorded in the metric book of the Epiphany Church: "The Cathedral Deacon Mikhail Fedorov was born (December 26) son Vasily, baptized General January 1st. The successor was the Cathedral clerk Peter Vasiliev, the successor of Domnik Prokopiev, the wife of priest Nikita Afanasyev. Here served as priests his great-grandfather Athanasius and maternal grandfather – Priest Nikita. All the infancy of the future Vladyka passed in Gonchary, in the house of the grandfather and grandmother of Domnik, who was the godmother to her grandson. Metropolitan Philaret (Drozdov Vasily Mikhailovich) (1782-1867), an outstanding church and public figure. Since 1826. Metropolitan of Moscow. Full member of the Imperial Russian Academy of Sciences. His main merit is the translation of Holy Scripture from Church Slavonic into Russian. He actively contributed to the construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow. Member of the Manifesto of 1861 on the abolition of serfdom. In 1994, the Russian Orthodox Church glorified as a saint in the rank of saint and is the patron saint of Kolomna. Remembrance Day – November 19 (December 2). In the parish of the Epiphany Church, the ancestors of Metropolitan Philaret were priests for a long time, his brother was also a rector here. St. Philaret visited here many times, spoke sermons, conducted correspondence with Kolomna relatives. Traditionally, the rectors of the pottery church until the beginning of the twentieth century were priests married to maidens from the family of St. Philaret.