Poet of Kazan Khanate Mohammedyar

The pinnacle of the poetic heritage of the Kazan Khanate is the work of the poet Muhammadyar, who in his poems "Tukhvai-mardan" ("Gift of Husbands" - 1539) and "Nury-sodour" ("Light of Hearts" - 1542) preaches kindness and justice, faithful service to the people. In the works of Muhammadyar, humanistic ideals are glorified, great attention is paid to moral and ethical issues.

The poet's beautiful and chanting language:
Yarmouhamed, you have a language,
Your tongue is a nightingale, and the world is a flower bed.

Judging by fragmentary information from bloodlines, he was born in 1497 and came from a family of hereditary Tatar theologians. He lived and worked in the first half of the XVI century, in the most complex and controversial period of the history of the Kazan Khanate.

In 1846, in the funds of the “Asian Museum” of St. Petersburg, a prominent Russian orientalist and Turkologist Ilya Nikolaevich Berezin was the first to discover the manuscript of the poem “Tukhfai Mardan”.
Since the middle of the XX century, the personality of Muhammadyar and his work have become the object of study of literary critics. The reason was the article of the writer and scientist Naki Isanbet "The works of Mohammedar, the son of Mahmud, from the literature of the Kazan Khanate period"

The main motive in the work of Mohamedyar is the boundless love for man. The first poem, Tukhfai Mardan (1539), consists of seven parts, which mainly speak of the high qualities of the human soul that a man-warrior-jigit should possess. The main object of attention in the poem is man. By nature, he is endowed with the best qualities: beauty, intelligence, grace, truthfulness, modesty, he is worthy of respect and honor. In this Mohammadyar follows the traditions of Muslim culture: the Koran says that the purpose of man is to decorate the earth. According to Mohammadjar, a person should strive for the high goal of serving the people, and his actions should be worthy of his lofty ideals aimed at creating a prosperous social life. Give your hand to the fallen, that is the poet’s creed.
An interesting fact is that for Kazan Muslims of that period, the word "Tatarin" was a curse. In the poem "Tukhvai Mardan" there are such lines: "You are a Tatar worse than any dog, not knowing your kind, You are impious and sick, a villain and inhuman."

In July 1549, Queen Syuyumbike sent Mohammedyar as her representative to Moscow. But a diplomatic mission from Kazan on its way to Moscow mysteriously disappears. The ruler of the Nogai Horde, Yusuf, in a letter dated July 28, 1549, appealed to the Moscow government with a question about the fate of the mission and asked to return the interpreter Mohammadyar back to his homeland. In his reply of August 8, 1549, Grand Duke Ivan Vasilyevich replied that "Muhammedyar-Tolmach of Kazan was killed by our men in Murom."

Poet Muhammedyar (Muhammad + Yar (Friend, Close) = Friend of Muhammad)
Mahmoud Khadzhy Uly almost all his life lived in Kazan. At one time he was even the keeper of the tomb of the Kazan khan and poet Muhammad-Amin.
But it was not this that brought him fame, but the poems Tukhfai mardan (The Gift of Husbands) and Nury Sodur (The Light of Hearts). The gift of man, Muhammadyar believed, is his virtues - mercy, generosity, faithfulness to his word, honesty, modesty. But above all else, he put justice. According to the poet, its light should illuminate the whole world.