Ancient cities of Russia: Kozelsk
Small town, but older than Moscow by a year.
1146 - The first mention of kozelske.
About the origin of this name historians and local historians argue so far.
Initially, the city was named Kozlesk and Kozelesk because of its location in the middle of dense forests or because of the abundance of cloven-hoofed animals, goat roe, which live in these parts.
History of Kozelsk
A lot of tests fell on Kozelsk.
Khan Batyi, a Mongolian general and statesman, called Kozelsk "evil" because he could not break the resistance of the residents for seven weeks and enter the city.
Batu Khan burned the city to the ground, but the heroic defense of 1238 against the Mongol invasion glorified Kozelsk and Kozel residents.
In the coat of arms they are entitled in a scarlet field, marking bloodshed, on the cross located five silver shields with black crosses, expressing the courage of their defense and unfortunate fate, and four golden crosses showing their loyalty.
For several years the city belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Later it was a strategic point of defense of the Moscow principality against the Tatars. In the Time of Troubles it was burned by the Poles.
During the Great Patriotic War, Kozelsk survived the German occupation.
2009 - Kozelsk was awarded the honorary title "City of Military Glory".
Photo: wikipedia
Attractions of Kozelsk
4 km from the city is locatedIntroduced Optina of the Desert - Stavropegial male monastery. Tradition says that he founded the monastery of Opta - a repentant robber.
Optina deserts is one of the main spiritual centers of Russia, to which came the great Russian writers F. M. Dostoevsky, L. N. Tolstoy, N. V. Gogol, and pilgrims from all over our country.
In Kozelsk there were houses of the XIX century, which belonged to the merchant class, the cathedral of the XVIII century and the Church of the Annunciation of the XIX century.
15 km from Kozelsk (Volkonskoe village) the estate of the Volkonsky princes with a church and a park is preserved. At 7 km (popelevo village) you can see the Ensemble of the Bestuzhev-Ryumin estate (ponds and lime alley). Berezici - the ruins of the estate of Prince A. D. Obolensky are located 6 km from the city.
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